Fig. 3.

Osteogenic capacity of fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP) human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived endothelial cells (iECs). a FOP iECs showed increased alkaline phosphatase (ALPL) staining at day 15. b Quantification of ALPL staining from at least three independent replicates for each of the three wild type (WT) and four FOP iECs lines. Error bars represent the mean ± one standard deviation; ** p < 0.01 by Student’s t test. c Osteogenic and chondrogenic gene expression analysis by quantitative PCR of WT and FOP iECs cultured in 50 % endothelial cell medium/50 % OB medium for 15 days. COL1A1 and COL2A1 gene expression were statistically different by Student’s t test: * p < 0.05. Error bars represent the mean ± one standard deviation of at least three independent replicates for each of the three WT and four FOP iEC lines