Table 2.
Phase III clinical trials with new targeted anticancer agents combined with gemcitabine-based chemotherapy in metastatic pancreatic cancer patients
| Ref. | Treatment arms | Patients | Results |
| Kindler et al[69] J Clin Oncol 2010 | Gemcitabine + bevacizumab vs gemcitabine + placebo | 302 | OS: 5.8 mo vs 5.9 mo (P = 0.95) |
| PFS: 3.8 mo vs 2.9 mo (P = 0.07) | |||
| 300 | RR: 13% vs 10% (P = NR) | ||
| Van Cutsem et al[70] J Clin Oncol 2009 | Erlotinib + gemcitabine + bevacizumab vs erlotinib + gemcitabine + placebo | 306 | OS: 7.1 mo vs 6.0 mo (P = 0.2087) |
| PFS: 4.6 mo vs 3.6 mo (P = 0.0002) | |||
| 301 | RR: 13.5% vs 8.6% (P = 0.0574) | ||
| Rougier et al[71] Eur J Cancer 2013 | Gemcitabine + aflibercept vs gemcitabine + placebo | 271 | OS: 6.5 mo vs 7.8 mo (P = 0.2034) |
| PFS: 3.7 mo vs 3.7 mo (P = 0.8645) | |||
| 275 | RR: NR | ||
| Kindler et al[73] Lancet Oncol 2011 | Gemcitabine + axitinib vs gemcitabine + placebo | 316 | OS: 8.5 mo vs 8.3 mo (P = 0.5436) |
| PFS: 4.4 mo vs 4.4 mo (P = 0.5203) | |||
| 316 | RR: 5% vs 2% (P = 0.0180) | ||
| Gonçalves et al[74] Ann Oncol 2012 | Gemcitabine + sorafenib vs gemcitabine + placebo | 52 | OS: 8.0 mo vs 9.2 mo (P = 0.231) |
| PFS: 3.8 mo vs 5.7 mo (P = 0.902) | |||
| 52 | RR: 23% vs 19% (P = NR) | ||
| Philip et al[94] J Clin Oncol 2010 | Gemcitabine + cetuximab vs gemcitabine | 372 | OS: 6.3 mo vs 5.9 mo (P = 0.19) |
| PFS: 3.4 mo vs 3.0 mo (P = 0.18) | |||
| 371 | RR: 14% vs 12% (P = 0.59) |
OS: Overall survival; PFS: Progression free survival; RR: Response rate; NR: Not reported.