Table 2.
Upstream factors and signals involved in the regulation of hepatocyte nuclear factors and other factors related to hepatitis B virus replication
| Regulating factor | Target molecule | Effect on target molecule | Effect on HBV replication | Ref. |
| TGF-β | HNF4α | Decrease | Decrease | [74] |
| ER-α | - | Decrease | [9] | |
| NF-κB | Decrease | Decrease | [119,120] | |
| MAPK | Decrease | Decrease | [119,121] | |
| TNF-α → Hepatocystin → MAPK | Decrease | Decrease | [118] | |
| TNF-α → P22 → MAPK | Decrease | Decrease | [114] | |
| IFN-γ | Decrease | Decrease | [117] | |
| IL-6 → MAPK | Decrease | Decrease | [116] | |
| miRNA-122 | Decrease | Decrease | [124] | |
| IL-4 | C/EBP | Decrease | Decrease | [81] |
| IFN-γ | Decrease | Decrease | [117] | |
| IL-6 | HNF1α | Decrease | Decrease | [116] |
| miRNA-15b | Decrease | Increase | [122] | |
| miRNA-372, miRNA-373 | HNF1β | Decrease | Increase | [123] |
| TNF-α → P22 → MAPK | HNF3β | Increase | Decrease | [114] |
| miRNA-26b | CHORDC1 | Decrease | Decrease | [109] |
| miRNA-141 | PPARα | Decrease | Decrease | [125] |
| NF-κB → miRNA-130a | Decrease | Decrease | [128] | |
| miRNA-122 | Cyclin G1 | Decrease | Decrease | [90] |
| miRNA-501 | HBXIP | Decrease | Increase | [128] |
| miRNA-155 → JAK/STAT | SOCS1 | Decrease | Decrease | [129] |
HBV: Hepatitis B virus.