Table 1. Patient characteristics of patients with CDI and control patients.
| Risk factors | CDI patients (N = 79) | Non-CDI control patients (N = 316) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | (%) | N | (%) | ||
| Age (mean ±SD) | 67 | (±17) | 67 | (± 16) | |
| Male | 50 | (63) | 178 | (57) | |
| Charlson comorbidity index* | |||||
| 0 | 16 | (20) | 64 | (20) | |
| 1–2 | 34 | (43) | 156 | (49) | |
| 3–4 | 20 | (25) | 66 | (21) | |
| ≥ 5 | 9 | (11) | 29 | (9) | |
| Any antibiotic therapy (in 90 days)* | 75 | (95) | 182 | (58) | |
| Antibiotic classes | |||||
| Cephalosporins | 62 | (79) | 95 | (54) | |
| Cephalosporins 1st generation | 3 | (4) | 10 | (3) | |
| Cephalosporins 2nd and 3rd generation without SDD | 25 | (32) | 54 | (17) | |
| Penicillins | 38 | (48) | 82 | (26) | |
| Quinolones | 32 | (41) | 62 | (20) | |
| Clindamycin | 4 | (5) | 19 | (6) | |
| Metronidazole | 19 | (24) | 17 | (5) | |
| SDD | 38 | (48) | 49 | (16) | |
| Vancomycin | 15 | (19) | 23 | (7) | |
| Carbapenems | 10 | (13) | 27 | (9) | |
| Aminoglycosides | 10 | (13) | 31 | (10) | |
| Macrolides | 15 | (19) | 20 | (6) | |
| Proton pump inhibitors (-90 days)* | 58 | (73) | 186 | (59) | |
| Number of ward transfers | |||||
| 0 | 20 | (25) | 140 | (44) | |
| 1–2 | 39 | (49) | 150 | (48) | |
| ≥ 3 | 20 | (25) | 26 | (8) | |
| Admission ICU | 35 | (44) | 51 | (16) | |
| Length of stay before index date | |||||
| ≤ 5 days | 14 | (18) | 129 | (41) | |
| 6–10 days | 11 | (14) | 70 | (22) | |
| 11–25 days | 28 | (35) | 67 | (21) | |
| > 25 days | 26 | (33) | 50 | (16) | |
| Recent hospital admission (-90 days) | 27 | (34) | 78 | (25) | |
| Admission to the same ward as an isolated CDI patient | 51 | (65) | 234 | (74) | |
* Data was missing for one patient.
SDD: selective decontamination of the digestive tract; ICU: intensive care unit