Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics of Participants Aged 75 Years or Older
| Intensive Treatment (n = 1317) | Standard Treatment (n = 1319) | |
|---|---|---|
| Female sex | 499 (37.9) | 501 (38.0) |
| Age, mean (SD), y | 79.8 (3.9) | 79.9 (4.1) |
| Race/ethnicity, No. (%) | ||
| White | 977 (74.2) | 987 (74.8) |
| Black | 225 (17.1) | 226 (17.1) |
| Hispanic | 89 (6.8) | 85 (6.4) |
| Other | 26 (2.0) | 21 (1.6) |
| Seated blood pressure, mean (SD), mm Hg | ||
| Systolic | 141.6 (15.7) | 141.6 (15.8) |
| Diastolic | 71.5 (11.0) | 70.9 (11.0) |
| Orthostatic hypotension, No. (%) | 127 (9.6) | 124 (9.4) |
| Serum creatinine, median (IQR), mg/dL | 1.1 (0.9–1.3) | 1.1 (0.9–1.3) |
| Estimated GFRa | ||
| Mean (SD), mL/min/1.73 m2 | 63.4 (18.2) | 63.3 (18.3) |
| Level <60 mL/min/1.73 m2, No. (%) | 584 (44.3) | 577 (43.7) |
| Level <45 mL/min/1.73 m2, No. (%) | 207 (15.7) | 212 (16.1) |
| Urinary albumin to creatinine ratio, median (IQR), mg/g | 13.0 (7.2–31.6) | 13.4 (7.2–33.4) |
| History of cardiovascular disease, No. (%) | 338 (25.7) | 309 (23.4) |
| Total cholesterol, mean (SD), mg/dL | 181.4 (39.0) | 181.8 (38.7) |
| Fasting HDL cholesterol, mean (SD), mg/dL | 55.9 (15.1) | 55.7 (14.9) |
| Fasting total triglycerides, median (IQR), mg/dL | 96.0 (71.0–130.0) | 99.0 (72.0–134.5) |
| Fasting plasma glucose, mean (SD), mg/dL | 97.9 (12.1) | 98.2 (11.6) |
| Statin use, No. (%) | 682 (51.8) | 697 (52.8) |
| Aspirin use, No. (%) | 820 (62.3) | 765 (58.0) |
| 10-y Framingham cardiovascular disease risk, median (IQR), % | 24.2 (16.8–32.8) | 25.0 (17.0–33.4) |
| Body mass index, mean (SD)b | 27.8 (4.9) | 27.7 (4.6) |
| No. of antihypertensive agents taking at baseline visit, mean (SD) | 1.9 (1.0) | 1.9 (1.0) |
| Gait speed | ||
| Median (IQR), m/s | 0.90 (0.77–1.05) | 0.92 (0.77–1.06) |
| Speed <0.8 m/s, No. (%) | 371 (28.2) | 369 (28.0) |
| Frailty index, median (IQR)c | 0.18 (0.13–0.23) | 0.17 (0.12–0.22) |
| Frailty status, No. (%) | ||
| Fit (frailty index ≤0.10) | 159 (12.1) | 190 (14.4) |
| Less fit (frailty index >0.10 to ≤0.21) | 711 (54.0) | 745 (56.5) |
| Frail (frailty index >0.21) | 440 (33.4) | 375 (28.4) |
| Montreal Cognitive Assessment score, median (IQR)d | 22.0 (19.0–25.0) | 22.0 (19.0–25.0) |
Abbreviations: GFR, glomerular filtration rate; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; IQR, interquartile range. SI conversion factors: To convert HDL and total cholesterol to mmol/L, multiply by 0.0259; triglycerides to mmol/L, multiply by 0.0113; and glucose to mmol/L, multiply by 0.0555.
a
Based on the 4-variable Modification of Diet in Renal Disease equation.
b
Calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared.
c
Scores range from 0 to 1, with higher values indicating greater frailty.
d
Scores range from 0 to 30, with higher scores denoting better cognitive function.