Hamster |
Cricetinae |
Chinese hamsters prone to development of spontaneous diabetes. Spines of age 10–33 months histologically analyzed |
Aging changes in intervertebral discs Spondylosis was present at an earlier age in diabetic than in nondiabetic hamster. |
229 |
|
Rat |
Rattus |
Male Fisher 344 rats. μCT of spines of age 3, 12, 18, 30 months |
Age-associated morphometric and degenerative disc changes |
230 |
|
Sand rat |
Psammomys obesus |
Spontaneous development of diabetes. Age 1–46 months analyzed radiographically and histologically |
Age-related and diabetes-related spontaneous development of lumbar disc degeneration |
231 |
|
Rabbit |
Oryctolagus cuniculus |
New Zealand White rabbits. Age 1–30 months studied by MRI, histology, gene expression |
Natural aging-related disc degeneration |
232 |
|
Pig |
Sus scrofa domesticus |
Porcine discs of age 2–3 weeks, 6–9 month, 2–3 years analyzed by histology, GAG assay, cell density assay, gene expression |
Disc MMP-1 increased with age. GAG and collagen I, II, aggrecan decreased with age. |
219 |
|
Dog |
Canis lupus familiaris |
Discs of chondrodystrophic (CD) and nonchondrodystrophic(NCD) dogs of age 1–7 years were analyzed by histology, GAG, and MMP activity |
CD dogs showed early age onset of disc degenerative changes compared to NDC dogs. |
233 |
|
Sheep |
Ovis aries |
Discs of new-born, 3, 12, and >36 months were analyzed mechanically and microscopically to assess nucleus pulposus-endplate integration |
Rapid increase in NP-EP insertion nodes between birth and 3 months, after which this integration remained constant. |
234 |
|
Alpaca |
Vicugna pacos |
Young (2–6 years) and older (>10 years) alpaca underwent MRI evaluation to detect cervical spine degeneration |
No cervical disc degeneration in young alpacas. Increased disc degeneration incidence and severity at lower cervical levels in older alpacas |
235 |
|
Rhesus Macaques |
Macaca mulatta (Macaques monkeys) |
Longitudinal study of macques 11–32 years of age to assess disc space narrowing (DSN) by radiography. |
Age-associated disc space narrowing, osteophytosis, increased disc tissue stiffness |
236 |