Table 5.

Fatty acid composition of important freshwater fishes.

Fatty acids (%)	C. catla	L. rohita	C. mrigala	S. seenghala 1	H. fossilis	C. batrachus	T. ilisha 2	R. rita
Saturated fatty acids (SFA)
C4:0-C5:0	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
C6:0	—	0.0 ± 0.0a	—	—	0.0 ± 0.0a	—	—	—
C8:0	—	—	0.0 ± 0.0a	0.0 ± 0.0a	0.0 ± 0.0a	—	0.0 ± 0.0a	—
C10:0	—	0.0 ± 0.0a	0.2 ± 0.0b	0.0 ± 0.0a	0.0 ± 0.0a	0.0 ± 0.0a	0.0 ± 0.0a	—
C11:0	—	0.0 ± 0.0a	1.1 ± 0.0b	—	0.0 ± 0.0a	0.0 ± 0.0a	—	—
C12:0	0.2 ± 0.0a	0.2 ± 0.0a	0.4 ± 0.1b	0.6 ± 0.1c	0.4 ± 0.0b	0.0 ± 0.6d	0.4 ± 0.2b	—
C13:0	0.2 ± 0.0a	0.3 ± 0.0a	0.4 ± 0.0b	0.1 ± 0.0c	0.1 ± 0.0c	0.0 ± 0.1d	0.0 ± 0.0d	1.5 ± 0.1e
C14:0	—	1.9 ± 0.3a	—	7.1 ± 2.1b	1.8 ± 0.3a	—	37.8 ± 0.2c	—
C15:0	—	—	7.4 ± 1.0a	2.6 ± 0.5b	1.1 ± 0.1c	0.4 ± 0.9d	1.5 ± 0.0c	0.2 ± 0.1d
C16:0	—	59.7 ± 9.8a	—	21.1 ± 3.2b	47.2 ± 7.5c	8.5 ± 2.3d	0.2 ± 0.0e	15.8 ± 2.9f
C17:0	—	1.9 ± 0.5a	4.4 ± 0.3b	2.7 ± 0.6c	0.5 ± 0.0d	0.6 ± 1.3d	1.0 ± 0.3e	0.4 ± 0.4d
C18:0	14.2 ± 4.6a	5.3 ± 1.2b	7.2 ± 2.9c	0.2 ± 0.0d	7.3 ± 1.3c	9.3 ± 2.5e	0.3 ± 0.0d	5.4 ± 1.1e
C20:0	0.5 ± 0.0a	0.2 ± 0.0a	0.7 ± 0.0b	0.7 ± 0.1b	0.0 ± 0.0c	—	—	—
C21:0	1.0 ± 0.2a	3.3 ± 0.9b	7.7 ± 1.1c	—	4.1 ± 1.2d	1.9 ± 1.3a	0.7 ± 0.1e	—
C22:0	0.9 ± 0.1a	0.2 ± 0.0b	0.5 ± 0.0c	0.3 ± 0.0c	0.1 ± 0.0d	—	0.4 ± 0.0a	—
C23:0	3.6 ± 1.0a	0.3 ± 0.0b	0.6 ± 0.2c	—	0.2 ± 0.0b	—	—	—
C24:0	—	—	—	0.4 ± 0.0a	—	—	0.4 ± 0.0a	—
∑SFA	20.6	73.3	30.4	36.0	63.1	21.0	42.8	23.3
Monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA)
C14:1	0.2 ± 0.0a	0.0 ± 0.0b	1.1 ± 0.0c	0.3 ± 0.0a	0.0 ± 0.0b	0.1 ± 0.2d	0.2 ± 0.0a	—
C15:1	—	0.0 ± 0.0a	—	0.1 ± 0.0a	2.4 ± 0.9b	0.5 ± 0.9c	0.0 ± 0.0a	—
C16:1	2.6 ± 0.9a	—	6.2 ± 0.3b	1.3 ± 0.1c	6.6 ± 1.6b	4.9 ± 1.6c	0.5 ± 0.0d	6.3 ± 0.9b
C17:1	2.7 ± 0.8a	0.5 ± 0.0b	2.7 ± 0.2a	1.9 ± 0.2c	0.1 ± 0.0d	—	0.3 ± 0.0b	—
C18:1	41.0 ± 8.9a	9.5 ± 2.3b	15.8 ± 6.9c	20.5 ± 3.9d	13.6 ± 5.4e	47.9 ± 5.6f	30.6 ± 0.2g	35.3 ± 0.0h
C20:1	0.8 ± 0.0a	0.3 ± 0.0b	0.0 ± 0.0c	2.0 ± 0.3d	—	—	2.3 ± 0.4d	20.6 ± 1.9e
C22:1	—	—	0.1 ± 0.5a	1.8 ± 0.2b	—	—	0.6 ± 0.0c	2.9 ± 0.2d
C24:1	—	—	—	0.5 ± 0.0a		—	0.8 ± 0.0b	—
∑MUFA	47.3	10.4	26.0	28.4	22.7	53.5	35.0	65.2
Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA)
C18:2 ω-6	6.7 ± 2.3a	7.6 ± 2.1b	14.0 ± 7.8c	4.5 ± 1.3d	5.8 ± 1.3a	22.2 ± 4.6e	2.7 ± 0.4f	0.2 ± 0.0g
C18:3 ω-3	10.9 ± 2.6a	6.3 ± 1.9b	3.3 ± 0.9c	4.7 ± 1.1d	3.3 ± 0.9c	1.5 ± 0.9e	2.2 ± 0.9f	0.7 ± 0.0g
C18:3 ω-6	—	0.2 ± 0.0a	0.5 ± 0.0b	1.4 ± 0.9c	0.1 ± 0.0a	0.5 ± 0.1b	0.7 ± 0.1d	—
C20:2 ω-6	0.7 ± 0.1a	0.0 ± 0.0b	0.0 ± 0.1b	1.3 ± 0.7c	0.0 ± 0.0b	—	0.1 ± 0.0d	—
C20:3 ω-6	1.4 ± 0.3a	0.6 ± 0.0b	3.4 ± 0.2c	2.2 ± 0.9d	0.6 ± 0.1b	0.7 ± 0.3e	0.1 ± 0.0f	—
C20:3 ω-3	0.2 ± 0.0a	0.1 ± 0.0a	3.1 ± 0.0b	1.0 ± 0.1c	0.4 ± 0.0d	—	0.2 ± 0.0a	—
C20:4 ω-6	0.5 ± 0.0a	6.3 ± 2.3b	17.6 ± 0.0c	9.8 ± 2.3d	0.2 ± 0.0a	—	4.1 ± 1.3e	1.6 ± 0.0f
C20:5 ω-3 (EPA)	6.8 ± 1.2a	0.9 ± 0.1b	1.5 ± 0.3c	4.4 ± 0.9d	1.5 ± 0.2c	—	2.9 ± 0.9e	3.8 ± 0.6f
C22:6 ω-3 (DHA)	4.7 ± 0.9a	0.4 ± 0.0b	—	6.2 ± 1.3c	2.2 ± 0.6d	0.5 ± 0.8b	8.9 ± 2.5e	5.0 ± 0.6f
∑PUFA	31.9	22.5	43.5	35.5	14.2	25.5	22.0	11.4
∑ω-3	22.7	7.8	7.8	16.3	7.3	2.8	14.2	9.5
∑ω-6	9.3	14.7	35.7	19.2	6.9	22.7	5.4	1.9
ω-3/ω-6	2.4	0.5	0.2	0.8	1.1	1.8	2.3	5.0

^1,2Data previously published by Mohanty et al. [15, 31].

Values are reported as mean ± standard deviation.

Values in rows sharing same superscripts are not statistically different (p < 0.05).

—, not detected.

EPA: eicosapentaenoic acid; DHA: docosahexaenoic acid.