Table 3.
Clinical characteristics of 284 children with viral-associated pneumonia
| RSV (n=79) | Influenza (n=40) | Adenovirus (n=77) | Parainfluenza (n=52) | Bocavirus (n=49) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (months) | 4·1 (2·2–7·8) | 4·4 (2·3–9·1) | 9·7 (5·6–13·4) | 6·1 (4·2–11·0) | 11·3 (6·5–13·4) | |
| Boys | 41 (52%) | 26 (65%) | 48 (62%) | 36 (69%) | 33 (67%) | |
| Prematurity | 20 (25%) | 12 (30%) | 21 (27%) | 19 (37%) | 18 (37%) | |
| Maternal antepartum smoking exposure | 54 (68%) | 30 (75%) | 57 (74%) | 40 (77%) | 36 (73%) | |
| Maternal HIV infection | 13 (16%) | 10 (25%) | 15 (19%) | 11 (21%) | 12 (24%) | |
| Season when acquired viral-associated pneumonia | ||||||
| Summer (December to February) | 0 | 4 (10%) | 15 (19%) | 2 (4%) | 9 (18%) | |
| Autumn (March to May) | 22 (28%) | 4 (10%) | 10 (13%) | 4 (8%) | 6 (12%) | |
| Winter (June to August) | 49 (62%) | 24 (60%) | 20 (26%) | 22 (42%) | 19 (39%) | |
| Spring (September to November) | 8 (10%) | 8 (20%) | 32 (42%) | 24 (46%) | 15 (31%) | |
| Cough | 76 (96%) | 40 (100%) | 74 (96%) | 50 (98%) | 45 (92%) | |
| Wheeze | 46 (58%) | 15 (38%) | 30 (39%) | 22 (43%) | 19 (39%) | |
| Respiratory rate per min | 60 (52–64) | 55 (49–62) | 53 (46–58) | 56 (50–62) | 52 (46–60) | |
| Fever | 50 (63%) | 25 (63%) | 46 (61%) | 37 (70%) | 32 (68%) | |
| Lower chest wall indrawing | 49 (62%) | 19 (49%) | 30 (40%) | 26 (49%) | 17 (36%) | |
| Cough duration (days) | 3 (2–4) | 3 (2–5) | 3 (2–4) | 3 (2–5) | 3 (2–4) | |
| Wheeze duration (days) | 2 (2–3) | 3 (1–3) | 2 (2–4) | 3 (2–7) | 2·5 (2–4) | |
| Admitted to hospital | 33 (42%) | 13 (33%) | 21 (27%) | 15 (29%) | 9 (18%) | |
| Severe pneumonia | 20 (25%) | 8 (20%) | 10 (13%) | 10 (19%) | 7 (14%) | |
| Oxygen given | 23 (29%) | 5 (13%) | 6 (8%) | 8 (15%) | 4 (8%) | |
| Number of deaths | 0 | 1 (<1%) | 0 | 1 (<1%) | 0 | |
| Number before 1st PCV | 12 (15%) | 5 (13%) | 5 (6%) | 10 (19%) | 2 (4%) | |
| Number before 2nd PCV | 39 (49%) | 18 (45%) | 16 (21%) | 17 (33%) | 6 (12%) | |
Data are n (%) or median (IQR). RSV=respiratory syncytial virus. PCV=pneumococcal conjugate vaccine.