Figure 2. Sona is essential for the development of fly appendages.

These phenotypes were observed from escapers of sona⁴⁷, sona¹³, and sona¹⁸ as well as transheterozygotes. (a,b) Arista in w¹¹¹⁸ as a wild-type (wt) control (a), and missing and malformed branches of arista in sona⁴⁷ escapers are marked with arrow and arrowhead, respectively (b). (c,d) Disrupted ommatidial bristles in sona (d) compared to control (c). (e,f) Kinked femur of sona (arrowhead in f) compared to control (e). (g,h) Wings of sona⁴⁷ (h) are smaller than those of sona heterozygotes (g). (i,j) Missing bristles at the anterior wing margin of sona⁴⁷ (j) compared to the heterozygous wing (i). (k–n) Wing size becomes smaller by expression of sona RNAi-1 (l,m) and sonaRNAi-2 (n) by nub-Gal4. Wings become crumpled in severe cases (m). (o–q) Wings become smaller by expression of sona RNAi-1 (p) and sonaRNAi-2 (q) by en-Gal4. (r) Quantitative analysis of the wing size (n = 10 each) shown in (g,h). Genotypes are indicated at lower left.