Table 1.
Socio-demographic profile of study participants in STEPS Survey, Punjab, India
| Socio-demographic characteristics | Rural | Urban | Total | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| N = 3096 | N = 2031 | N = 5127 | ||
| Age | 18–44 | 2046 (66) | 1298 (64) | 3344 (65) |
| 45–69 | 1050 (34) | 733 (36) | 1783 (35) | |
| Sex | Male | 1438 (46) | 943 (46) | 2381 (46) |
| Female | 1658 (54) | 1088 (54) | 2746 (54) | |
| Educational status | No formal schooling | 848 (27) | 355 (17) | 1203 (23) |
| Upto primary school | 776 (26) | 490 (24) | 1266 (25) | |
| Upto high school | 1264 (41) | 862 (43) | 2130 (42) | |
| Higher education | 196 (6) | 322 (16) | 518 (10) | |
| Social Group | SC | 1236 (40) | 691 (34) | 1927 (38) |
| OBC | 401 (13) | 298 (15) | 699 (14) | |
| General | 1409 (46) | 1001 (49) | 2410 (47) | |
| Unknown | 50 (1) | 40 (2) | 90 (1)s | |
| Marital Status | Never married | 517 (17) | 321 (16) | 838 (16) |
| Currently married | 2340 (76) | 1535 (76) | 3875 (76) | |
| Separated/Divorced/Widowed | 216 (6) | 164 (7) | 380 (7) | |
| Unknown | 23 (1) | 10 (1) | 33 (1) | |
| Occupation | Government employee | 99 (3) | 88 (4) | 187 (4) |
| Non-government employee | 551 (18) | 406 (20) | 957 (19) | |
| Self-employed | 817 (26) | 473 (23) | 1290 (25) | |
| Unpaid | 1493 (49) | 995 (49) | 2488 (49) | |
| Unemployed | 131 (4) | 65 (3) | 196 (3) |
Figures in parenthesis indicate percentages; SC scheduled caste, OBC other backward castes; SCs and STs are groups of historically disadvantaged people in India recognised by the Constitution of India; OBC is a collective term used by the Constitution of India to classify castes which are socially and educationally disadvantaged although they are considered to be at a less disadvantageous position than SCs and STs; General category is a term used in India to denote a group other than OBCs, SCs and STs and are considered socially, educationally, and economically advanced; social group and marital status are unknown because participants refused to answer these questions; Unpaid includes student, homemaker and retired