Table 4.
Urban rural differences in body mass index and abdominal obesity, STEPS Survey, Punjab, India, 2014-15
| Variables | Males (N = 2326) | Females (N = 2706) | Total (N = 5032) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Urban | Rural | Urban | Rural | Urban | Rural | |
| n = 923 | n = 1403 | n = 1072 | n = 1634 | n = 1995 | n = 3037 | |
| Mean BMI (in kg m−2) | 24.2*** (23.4–25.0) | 23.8 (23.4–24.2) | 25.7** (25.3–26.2) | 24.1 (23.7–24.7) | 24.9* (24.3–25.5) | 23.9 (23.7–24.2) |
| Overweight (Asian cut off) | 35.3 (31.5–39.2) | 33.0 (28.5–37.3) | 28.9 (26.2–31.7) | 33.0 (29.1–36.6) | 32.6 (30.1–35.0) | 32.8 (31.0–37.0) |
| Obesity (Asian cut off) | 23.2 (16.0–30.6) | 22.1 (18.0–26.0) | 34.3** (30.4–38.1) | 23.2 (20.2–26.2) | 28.0 (22.6–33.5) | 22.6 (19.7–25.4) |
| Overweight (WHO cut off) | 29.1 (23.4–34.9) | 26.1 (22.4–29.7) | 30.1 (25.7–35.1) | 29.3 (25.8–32.8) | 29.7 (25.4–34.0) | 27.6 (24.9–30.2) |
| Obesity (WHO cut off) | 10.6*** (5.9–15.3) | 11.6 (9.2–14.1) | 19.9 (17.2–22.6) | 11.4 (8.9–13.9) | 14.6 (11.8–17.5) | 11.5 (9.8–13.3) |
| Abdominal Obesity | 50.4*** (42.8–58.0) | 48.4** (43.8–52.9) | 72.8 (67.7–78.0) | 67.0 (64.1–70.0) | 64.1 (58.5–70.0) | 59.1 (56.5–62.2) |
Estimates are weighted for age, sex, and non-response; BMI body mass index; According to WHO Overweight is defined as BMI > = 25 kg/m2 and <30 kg/m2. Obesity defined as BMI > = 30 kg/m2; According to Asian cut off overweight is defined as BMI > = 23 kg/m2 and <27.5 kg/m2; obesity defined as BMI > =27.5 kg/m2; abdominal obesity defined waist circumference >90 cm for men and >80 cm for women; data in the table are presented as mean (95 % confidence interval) or % (95 % confidence interval); * p <0.05 compared to rural subjects; ** p < 0.05 compared to rural females; *** p <0.05 compared to urban females