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Pregnancy effects on the course of typhoid fever
| I. Confusion with other more common infections |
| A. Cholecystitis |
| B. Urinary tract infections |
| C. Viral illness |
| II. Protracted febrile course and prolonged asymptomatic carriage of salmonella |
| A. Reduced biliary and gastroenteric motility favours slow clearance of bacteria |
| B. Presence of cholelithiasis/biliary sludge |
| C. Late and postpartum relapse |
| III. Uteroplacental infection with chorioamnionitis and fetal/neonatal infection |
