Table 4.
Preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative factors and MACCE
| Univariate | Multivariate | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Odds ratio (95% CI) | p value | Odds ratio (95% CI) | p value | |
| Preoperative factors | ||||
| Age ≥85 years | 0.37 (0.07–1.86) | 0.214 | ||
| Gender (male) | 0.33 (0.16–1.16) | 0.091 | ||
| Pre NYHA IV | 1.98 (0.66–5.95) | 0.222 | ||
| Hypertension | 1.77 (0.60–5.24) | 0.299 | ||
| Diabetes mellitus | 1.27 (0.43–3.81) | 0.666 | ||
| Dyslipidaemia | 1.73 (0.63–4.77) | 0.286 | ||
| Obesity | 0.94 (0.21–4.09) | 0.929 | ||
| Smoking | 0.93 (0.25–3.44) | 0.916 | ||
| COPD | 0.61 (0.06–6.21) | 0.676 | ||
| Re-operation | 0.94 (0.08–10.9) | 0.960 | ||
| Cardiac dysfunction (EF <35%) | 1.89 (0.60–5.97) | 0.275 | ||
| Severe CKD (eGFR <30 ml/min/ 1.73m2) | 3.24 (1.07–11.5) | 0.041 | 2.47 (0.58–10.5) | 0.221 |
| Hemodyalysis | 2.79 (0.57–13.5) | 0.189 | ||
| Cerebrovascular disease | 2.00 (0.37–10.7) | 0.411 | ||
| BNP >1000 | 2.71 (1.09–8.21) | 0.038 | 2.49 (0.69–9.00) | 0.164 |
| Urgent | 6.26 (0.92–63.5) | 0.081 | ||
| Intraoperative factors | ||||
| ACCT ≥180 min | 2.71 (0.90–8.21) | 0.023 | 3.78 (1.10–13.0) | 0.035 |
| Isolated AVR | 0.69 (0.27–1.80) | 0.446 | ||
| + CABG | 2.35 (0.80–6.96) | 0.117 | ||
| Dopamine | 0.95 (0.28–3.18) | 0.927 | ||
| Dobutamine | 0.65 (0.25–1.72) | 0.384 | ||
| Norepinaphrine | 3.65 (0.80–16.7) | 0.080 | ||
| Carperitide | 0.40 (0.14–0.92) | 0.037 | 0.30 (0.10–0.92) | 0.036 |
MACCE: major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular event; COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; EF: ejection fraction; CKD: chronic kidney disease; eGFR: estimated glomerular filtration rate; BNP: brain natriuretic peptide; ACCT: aortic cross clamping time; AVR: aortic valve replacement; CABG: coronary arterial bypass grafting