Table 3.

Multivariate analysis by the Cox regression model in patients undergoing lobectomy

Characteristics	p valuea	Hazard ratio (95% CI)
IBL, ≤median	0.0004	0.647 (0.510–0.822)
Gender, female	<0.0001	0.551 (0.428–0.710)
Age <69	0.0035	0.735 (0.598–0.904)
p-stage, IA-IIB	<0.0001	0.360 (0.291–0.445)
Histologic type, Ad	0.0201	0.774 (0.623–0.961)
Year of operation, 2003–2012	<0.0001	0.528 (0.408–0.684)

^a: Cox regression model. Ad: adenocarcinoma; CI: confidence interval; IBL: intraoperative blood loss