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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Aug 18.
Published in final edited form as: Mol Psychiatry. 2013 Mar 5;19(3):334–341. doi: 10.1038/mp.2013.11

Figure 4.

Figure 4

Overview of the proposed sorting nexin 7 (SNX7)-mediated induction of the kynurenine pathway in bipolar disorder (BD). Downregulation of SNX7 induces the degradation of the short form of c-FLIP that competitively inhibits the autocatalytic processing of pro-caspase-8 at the ripoptosome. This leads to increased levels of active caspase-8, resulting in the processing and secretion of interleukin-1β (IL-1β). IL-1β subsequently induces the rate-limiting enzyme tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase-2 (TDO2) in the kynurenine pathway, causing an elevation in brain kynurenic acid (KYNA) that, according to our clinical association data, leads to a persistent set-shifting impairment as well as to a dopaminergic dysregulation that evoke vulnerability for psychosis in bipolar disorder.