Table 1.

DLS, DLE, and DEE results of DOX-BSA-V-NPs prepared at different pH values with a BSA/DOX⋅HCl ratio (w/w) of 10:1

pH	Particle size nm	PDI	DLE (%)	DEE (%)
Initial pH	2,106.3±116.4	0.349±0.018	–	–
6.8	100.5±3.5	0.139±0.037	8.23±1.49	83.49±5.04
7.4	92.7±1.8	0.163±0.013	9.09±0.41	88.60±3.42
7.8	95.4±0.8	0.144±0.052	8.98±0.39	92.09±0.190

Notes: Mean ± standard deviation, n=3; –, not measured.

Abbreviations: BSA, bovine serum albumin; DEE, drug encapsulation efficiency; DLE, drug loading efficiency; DLS, dynamic light scattering; DOX, doxorubicin; DOX⋅HCl, doxorubicin hydrochloride; NPs, nanoparticles; PDI, polydispersity index; V, vanillin; w, weight.