Table 4.

Survivability of Heps tumor-bearing mice after administration with normal saline and different DOX formulations with a DOX dose of 5 mg⋅kg⁻¹⋅day⁻¹ for 3 days

Group	Mean survival time (days)	Increase of lifespan (%)
Normal saline	14.0±2.00
Free DOX	15.33±1.75	9.52
DOX-BSA-NPs	19.0±4.34a,b	39.29
DOX-BSA-V-NPs	24.83±6.43c,d,e	57.14

Notes:

^aP<0.05 compared with normal saline;

^bP<0.05 compared with free DOX;

^cP<0.01 compared with normal saline;

^dP<0.01 compared with free DOX; and

^eP<0.05 compared with DOX-BSA-NPs.

Abbreviations: BSA, bovine serum albumin; DOX, doxorubicin; NPs, nanoparticles; V, vanillin.