Table 5.

Pharmacologic strategies for no reflow.

	Drug	Route	Dose	Side effects
1.	Adenosine78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86	IC, IV	IV: 70 μg/kg/min × 3 h IC: 48–200 μg bolus	Transient heart block, hypotension, bronchospasm
2.	Nicorandil93, 94, 95, 96	IC, IV	IV: 8 mg/h infusion IC: 2 mg bolus	–
3.	Sodium nitroprusside97, 98, 99, 100	IC	50–200 μg bolus	Hypotension
4.	Calcium channel drugs87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92
	(a) Verapamil	IC	100–250 μg bolus or 100 μg/min up to 1000 μg	Hypotension, heart block
	(b) Diltiazem	IC	400 μg	–do–
	(c) Nicardipine	IC	50–200 μg bolus (upto 500 μg)	–do–
5.	Abciximab101, 104, 105 Eptifibatide103 Tirofiban102	IC IV IV IV	IC: 0.25 mg/kg bolus IV: 0.25 mg/kg bolus followed 0.125 mg/kg/h 2 μg/kg/min IV: 10 μg/kg	Bleeding
6.	Epinephrine122	IC	50–200 μg	Arrhythmias