FIG. 3.

Experimental confirmation of the predicted optimal cooling rate. Human vaginal CD3⁺ T cells (left) and CD14⁺ macrophages (right) were cryopreserved at 1°C/min and 2.5°C/min, 3.5°C/min, or 10°C/min. Each gray dot represents the average of duplicate cryovials frozen from a single donor and gray lines indicate pairing. Black symbols indicate the mean of the experiments at that temperature and the black lines represent the 95% confidence interval (omitted for the 10°C/min case where n = 2). (A) Cell recovery rates at different cooling rates. (B) Recovery rates relative to that at 1°C/min.