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Model for regulation of osteoblast differentiation through Iβ1 and BMPRI signaling. Physical association of Iβ1 and BMPRI on rigid, bone-like substrates activates SMAD1/5 and p44/42 MAPK and expression of the transcription factors Rux2 and Osx that stimulate osteoblast differentiation. Factors in grey have been reported to stimulate MAPK 44/42 through FAK activation16, 45 and are shown to improve clarity.
