Table 4.
Type of Disrespect and Abuse | Postpartum Interview N = 1914 n (%) |
Community Follow-Up N = 64 n (%) |
p-value |
---|---|---|---|
Any form of disrespect or abuse | 278(15) | 50(70) | <0.001 |
Physical abuse | 84(5) | 33 (52) | <0.001 |
Kicked | 2(0.1) | 1(1) | 0.03 |
Pinched | 22(1) | 3(5) | 0.02 |
Slapped | 23(1) | 17(27) | <0.001 |
Pushed | 12(0.6) | 4(6) | <0.001 |
Beaten | 4(0.2) | 5(8) | <0.001 |
Episiotomy without anesthesia | 1(0.1) | 1(2) | <0.001 |
Tied to the delivery bed | 2(0.1) | 0 (0) | 0.80 |
Other | 17(0.9) | 9(14) | <0.001 |
Non-consented care | 4(0.2) | 3(5) | <0.001 |
Abdominal Palpation | 2(0.1) | 0 (0) | 0.79 |
Vaginal Examination | 4(0.2) | 1(2) | 0.35 |
Episiotomy | 0(0) | 1(1) | <0.001 |
Other | 0 (0) | 1(2) | <0.001 |
Non-confidential care | 32(2) | 34 (54) | <0.001 |
Discussed personal issues in earshot of other clients | 1(0.1) | 1(2) | 0.004 |
Health information discussed with non-health staff | 0(0) | 2(3) | <0.001 |
Other | 0(0) | 0(0) | 0.79 |
Lack of Privacy | 35(2) | 34(53) | <0.001 |
No screens blocking view during delivery or examination | 16(0.8) | 29(45) | <0.001 |
Uncovered during delivery or examination | 17(0.9) | 31(48) | <0.001 |
Non-dignified care | 121(6) | 34(53) | <0.001 |
Shouted at | 35(2) | 24(38) | <0.001 |
Scolded | 90(5) | 16(25) | <0.001 |
Threatened to withhold services | 1(0.1) | 1(2) | 0.04 |
Called by insulting name | 3(0.2) | 0(0) | 0.71 |
Laughed at or scorned | 3(0.2) | 0(0) | 0.71 |
Other | 12(0.6) | 1(2) | 0.77 |
Abandonment of care | 147(8) | 33(52) | <0.001 |
While in Labor | 104(5) | 22(34) | <0.001 |
While Delivering | 60(3) | 12(19) | <0.001 |
While experiencing a complication | 1(0.1) | 0(0) | 0.79 |
After delivery | 2(0.1) | 0(0) | 0.71 |
Other | 5(0.3) | 0(0) | 0.64 |
Detention in facilities | 4(0.2) | 1(2) | 0.17 |