Table 3.

Representative regulators of both PXR and CAR in protein-protein interactions and signaling crosstalk.

Proteins interacting with PXR and CAR	Effect on receptors	References
SMRT	Represses receptor transcriptional activity	[32, 152]
SREBP1	Represses transcriptional activity by inhibiting coactivator recruitment	[60]
PGC-1α	Enhances receptor activity	[64, 136]
TLR	Downregulates PXR- and CAR-mediated drug metabolizing enzymes	[76, 77]
IL-6 and NF-κB	Downregulate PXR- and CAR-mediated drug metabolizing enzymes	[87, 89]
FoxO1	Upregulates receptor activity	[93, 126]
SHP	Enhances receptor activity	[81, 159]
Hsp90	Stabilizes PXR and CAR	[105, 113]