TABLE 2. Summary of coherent Raman scattering microscopy techniques.

Authors & Year	Title	Summary
CARS microscopy
Camp et al., 2014	High-speed coherent Raman fingerprint imaging of  biological tissues	Broadband CARS microscopy was used to image the entire biologi  cally relevant Raman window (500-3500 cm−1), including the weak  “fingerprint” region to increase sensitivity.
Galli et al., 2014	Effects of tissue fixation on coherent anti-Stokes Raman  scattering images of brain	Formalin fixation does not significantly degrade chemical contrast  in CARS imaging, though methanol-acetone fixation is incompat  ible with subsequent CARS microscopy due to alterations in lipid  content.
Uckermann et al., 2014	Label-free delineation of brain tumors by coherent anti-  Stokes Raman scattering microscopy in an orthotopic  mouse model and human glioblastoma	CARS imaging of the C-H vibrational mode enabled cellular-reso  lution identification of tumor cells in frozen sections of orthotopic  mouse models of GBM and brain metastases (melanoma, breast  cancer).
Evans et al., 2007	Chemically-selective imaging of brain structures with  CARS microscopy	Demonstrated the use of CARS microscopy to identify normal brain  structures and primary glioma in fresh unfixed and unstained ex  vivo brain tissue.
SRS microscopy
Hu et al., 2015	Vibrational imaging of glucose uptake activity in live cells  and tissues by stimulated Raman scattering	Alkyne-labeled glucose was used to image energy utilization with  subcellular resolution using SRS microscopy.
Ji et al., 2015	Detection of human brain tumor infiltration with quantita  tive stimulated Raman scattering microscopy	Developed quantitative methods for measuring differences in cellular-  ity, axonal density, and protein/lipid ratio using SRS microscopy.
Ji et al., 2013	Rapid, label-free detection of brain tumors with stimulated  Raman scattering microscopy	An SRS microscope generating image contrast via the relative abun  dance of lipid and protein facilitated tumor identification in a mouse  model of GBM both in frozen sections and in vivo during resection.
Freudiger et al., 2012	Multicolored stain-free histopathology with coherent Ra  man imaging	Multicolor images composed of lipid and protein vibrational modes  detected by SRS microscopy were used to generate virtual histo-  pathological images without sectioning or fixation.
Freudiger et al., 2008	Label-free biomedical imaging with high sensitivity by  stimulated Raman scattering microscopy	Established SRS microscopy as a biomedical imaging modality  capable of capturing the distributions of fatty acids in tissues and  monitoring drug delivery in vivo.