Table 4.
Multilevel logistic regression of the association between bypassing a facility for childbirth, individual-level and facility-level characteristics; measures of association and clustering are shown (n=946)
| Measures of association (AOR, 95% CI) | 1. Empty model | 2. Model with individual-level variables | 3. Model with individual-level and facility-level variables |
|---|---|---|---|
| Individual-level variables | |||
| Education (years) | – | 1.05 (1.00–1.09)* | 1.04 (1.00–1.09)* |
| Antenatal care visits | |||
| 1–2 | – | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| 3 or more | 1.26 (0.79–2.00) | 1.32 (0.83–2.09) | |
| Previous pregnancies | |||
| Yes | – | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| No | 1.33 (0.92–1.93) | 1.33 (0.92–1.92) | |
| Accredited social health activist accompanied to health facility | – | ||
| No | 1.00 | 1.00 | |
| Yes | 0.51 (0.24–1.11) | 0.49 (0.23–1.04) | |
| Complications during pregnancy | – | ||
| No | 1.00 | 1.00 | |
| Yes | 1.88 (1.22–2.90) | 1.86 (1.21–2.88) | |
| District | – | ||
| Sabarkantha | 1.00 | 1.00 | |
| Dahod | 0.65 (0.30–1.43) | 0.32 (0.15–0.66) | |
| Surendranagar | 0.37 (0.12–1.09) | 0.80 (0.30–2.10) | |
| Nearest facility-level variables | |||
| Ownership | – | – | |
| Public | 1.00 | ||
| Private | 0.62 (0.26–1.44) | ||
| Number of EmOC signal functions performed in the last 3 months (unit) | – | – | 0.63 (0.53–0.76) |
| Variance | 3.38 | 3.30 | 2.01 |
| MOR | 5.78 | 5.66 | 3.87 |
| VPC | 0.50 | 0.50 | 0.37 |
EmOC, emergency obstetric care; MOR, median odds ratio; VPC, variance partition coefficient.
*
p=0.02.