Table 3.
Elemental chemical analyses of unmodified bitumen blends and SARA analysis of unmodified (before PPA) and modified (after PPA) bitumen blends.
| Bitumen | Elemental analysis before PPA (wt.%)a | SARA analysis before PPA (wt.%)a | SARA analysis after PPA (wt.%)a | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sample | C | H | N | S | Saturates | Aromatics | Resins | Asphaltenes | Saturates | Aromatics | Resins | Asphaltenes |
| (±1.3) | (±0.4) | (±0.10) | (±0.09) | |||||||||
| Bit1 | 84.7 | 10.3 | 0.45 | 4.74 | n.d. | 66.4 ± 0.8 | 18.9 ± 0.7 | 14.2 ± 0.7 | n.d. | 71.2 ± 0.9 | 13.5 ± 1.0 | 15.2 ± 0.8 |
| Bit2 | 84.8 | 10.4 | 0.42 | 4.76 | n.d. | 68.3 ± 1.0 | 17.8 ± 1.0 | 13.1 ± 0.9 | n.d. | 70.7 ± 1.3 | 13.4 ± 0.9 | 15.9 ± 1.0 |
| Bit3 | 84.2 | 10.6 | 0.43 | 4.43 | 1.9 ± 0.2 | 66.6 ± 1.4 | 18.2 ± 0.6 | 13.1 ± 0.9 | 1.6 ± 0.2 | 65.5 ± 1.6 | 14.9 ± 1.5 | 14.9 ± 0.7 |
| Bit4 | 84.6 | 10.3 | 0.43 | 4.66 | 1.1 ± 0.2 | 65.8 ± 1.6 | 18.9 ± 0.8 | 14.3 ± 1.0 | 0.7 ± 0.2 | 68.0 ± 1.1 | 14.7 ± 1.2 | 16.6 ± 0.8 |
| Bit5 | 84.4 | 10.4 | 0.43 | 4.69 | 1.2 ± 0.2 | 67.8 ± 0.8 | 17.8 ± 1.2 | 13.2 ± 0.8 | 1.0 ± 0.2 | 70.5 ± 1.2 | 13.6 ± 0.8 | 14.9 ± 0.9 |
| Bit6 | 84.2 | 10.6 | 0.42 | 4.40 | 2.2 ± 0.2 | 65.6 ± 0.9 | 18.6 ± 0.9 | 13.6 ± 0.7 | 1.6 ± 0.2 | 67.4 ± 0.2 | 15.6 ± 1.8 | 15.4 ± 0.8 |
| Bit7 | 84.8 | 10.9 | 0.43 | 4.35 | 3.9 ± 0.5 | 63.1 ± 0.2 | 18.6 ± 1.2 | 14.4 ± 0.7 | 3.0 ± 0.4 | 66.6 ± 1.7 | 15.2 ± 1.1 | 15.1 ± 0.7 |
aAverage ± standard deviation; n.d.: not detected.