Table 5.
Summary of Results from OLS regressions of the Highest Grade Completed by Age 21/22 Regressed on Academic and Behavior Problems at Measured at Varying Times
| Standardized predictor variables |
Highest Grade Completed by Age 21/22 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ages 5–12 (Average) | Age 5 or 6 | Age 7 or 8 | Age 9 or 10 | Age 11 or 12 | |
| Math | .27*** (.04) |
.16*** (.04) |
.12*** (.03) |
.21*** (.03) |
.26*** (.03) |
| Reading | .18*** (.03) |
.14*** (.03) |
.26*** (.03) |
.16*** (.03) |
.15*** (.03) |
| Anti-social | −.19*** (.03) |
−.05+ (.03) |
−.07** (.03) |
−.18*** (.03) |
−.18*** (.03) |
| Hyperactivity | −.02 (.03) |
−.07* (.03) |
−.06* (.03) |
−.02 (.03) |
−.08** (.03) |
| Controls Included? | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Observations | 4931 | 4931 | 4931 | 4931 | 4931 |
Notes. Standard errors in parentheses
p < 0.10,
p < 0.05,
p < 0.01,
p < 0.001
Full set of controls include: Race (Black, Hispanic), Female, Fraction of years between birth and age 5 of poverty status, mother’s marital status (divorced, separated, or widowed; never married), urban residence, child’s PPVT score at age 5/6, child’s sociability score at age 5/6, HOME score at age 5/6, urban residence at age 5/6, mother’s highest level of education at age 5/6, poverty status at age 5/6, mother’s marital status at age 5/6 (divorced, separated, or widowed; never married), mother’s age at birth of child, mother’s AFQT score, mother ever fought, mother ever stole, mother’s substance use composite. Missing data were handled using multiple imputation.