Fig 1. Upregulation of ATF3 in sensory neurons of the trigeminal ganglion after ION ligation.
A-C: Double immunostaining showing ATF3 (green)/βIII tubulin (blue) positive neurons in the ipsilateral (A) and contralateral TG (B) of a representative ION animal, and the ipsilateral TG of a sham animal (C). D: Quantification of the percentage of ATF3-positive neurons in sham and ION (animals that received a ligation of the Infraorbitrary nerve) mice, 5 weeks after surgery, in the ipsilateral (ipsi) and contralateral (contra) sides of the lesion. Nerve ligation induced a statistically significant upregulation of ATF3 in the ipsilateral TG of ION animals (F1,21 = 15.927; p<0.001). Scale bars = 50μm. ** p<0.01 ION vs. sham animals (n = 6 sham, n = 5 ION). Data are expressed as means ± SEM.