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. 2016 Aug 23;6:31946. doi: 10.1038/srep31946

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Copyright © 2016, The Author(s)

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Induction of pro-inflammatory cytokines: (A) TNF-α (B) IL-6. Mouse macrophage RAW 264.7 cells were incubated with A1142, A1142::Ref-K57orf13, Ref-K57, or Ref-K57Δorf13::A1142orf13-tnp. The levels of secreted cytokines in the medium were measured at the indicated time points. Data are presented as mean ± SEM from three independent experiments. *P < 0.05, Student’s t test. (C) Western blotting of cell signaling induced by A1142 or A1142::Ref-K57orf13. Total protein lysates of Raw246.7 cells were subjected to detection for phosphorylation status of NF-κB, JNK, p38 MAPK, and ERK1/2.