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. 2016 Aug 23;6:31763. doi: 10.1038/srep31763

Figure 5. The suppression of the ‘Complement cascades’ pathway by lactic acid from intestinal Lactobacillus.

Figure 5

(a) The genes in the ‘Complement system’ KEGG pathway were differentially regulated in the livers of the overfed vs normally fed geese. The genes in red/green stand for those whose expressions were upregulated or downregulated by overfeeding. (b) The comparisons of C3, C4 and C5 expression in the livers of the overfed (the treatment or T group) and normally-fed geese (the control or C group) at day 19 of overfeeding. The data was from liver transcriptome analysis. N = 3. (c) The expression of C3, C4 and C5 genes in the livers of the overfed vs normally-fed geese at day 19 of overfeeding. The data was from quantitative real time PCR analysis. N = 6. (d) The concentrations of plasma lactic acid in the overfed vs normally fed geese at day 7 and 14 of overfeeding. N = 6. (e) The expression of C5 was determined by quantitative PCR in the goose primary hepatocytes treated with vs without lactic acid. N = 5. All the data are presented as the means ± SD.