Table 2.
Echocardiographic characteristics of the study populations
| Variables | Group A | Group B | Group C |
|---|---|---|---|
| (n = 30) | (n = 34) | (n = 31) | |
| LAD(mm) | 32.69 ± 2.43 | 34.00 ± 2.80 | 37.49 ± 1.61*# |
| LVDd(mm) | 43.51 ± 2.45 | 43.90 ± 2.36 | 44.35 ± 2.92 |
| IVSTd(mm) | 8.79 ± 0.67 | 9.10 ± 0.41 | 9.20 ± 0.60 |
| PWTd(mm) | 8.82 ± 0.76 | 9.06 ± 0.33 | 9.16 ± 0.53 |
| E velocity(m/s) | 0.96 ± 0.15 | 0.90 ± 0.18 | 0.72 ± 0.12*# |
| A velocity(m/s) | 0.77 ± 0.15 | 0.78 ± 0.12 | 1.05 ± 0.16*# |
| E/A | 1.13 ± 0.39 | 1.14 ± 0.34 | 0.70 ± 0.06*# |
| LAVmax(ml) | 35.53 ± 2.66 | 37.09 ± 3.51 | 55.71 ± 8.72*# |
| LAVmin(ml) | 14.19 ± 1.32 | 14.47 ± 1.39 | 22.27 ± 3.93*# |
| LAVp (ml) | 20.66 ± 1.54 | 20.65 ± 1.50 | 36.92 ± 5.57*# |
| LAPEF(%) | 41.87 ± 3.23 | 43.33 ± 2.58 | 33.33 ± 2.60*# |
| LAAEF(%) | 31.42 ± 2.39 | 29.95 ± 3.18 | 40.01 ± 6.17*# |
LAD left atrial dimension, LVDd left ventricular end-diastolic diameter, IVSTd end-diastolic thickness of ventricular septum, PWTd end-diastolic thickness of LV posterior wall, E/A ratio of peak early and
late diastolic velocities, LAVmax Left atrial maximum volume, LAVmin LA minimum volume, LAVp LA pre-atrial volume, LAPEF left atrial passive emptying fraction, LAAEF left atrial active emptying fraction. *P <0.01 versus the control group. #P <0.01 versus the mild group