Table 4. Carotid plaque and HR-pQCT parameters.
| Carotid plaque |
% difference | p value |
p value adjusted for |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No (n = 47) | Yes (n = 33) | Age, gender | Age, gender, BMI, HT, DM, ESR, CRP | |||
| vBMD, mgHA/cm3 | ||||||
| Average vBMD | 369.6 ± 81.6 | 329.3 ± 70.5 | −10.9 | 0.024 | 0.080 | 0.121 |
| Ct. vBMD | 976.2 ± 67.1 | 951.1 ± 60.0 | −2.6 | 0.090 | 0.762 | |
| Tb. vBMD | 155.3 ± 48.3 | 137.2 ± 36.7 | −11.6 | 0.074 | 0.026 | 0.038 |
| pTb. vBMD | 213.1 ± 47.6 | 199.2 ± 35.9 | −6.5 | 0.161 | ||
| mTb.vBMD | 115.0 ± 49.7 | 94.1 ± 39.0 | −18.2 | 0.047 | 0.014 | 0.020 |
| Trabecular microstructure | ||||||
| BV/TV | 0.129 ± 0.040 | 0.114 ± 0.031 | −11.6 | 0.075 | 0.027 | 0.039 |
| Tb. number, mm−1 | 1.61 ± 0.034 | 1.58 ± 0.29 | −2.2 | 0.630 | ||
| Tb. thickness, mm | 0.080 ± 0.018 | 0.072 ± 0.014 | −9.6 | 0.044 | 0.031 | 0.029 |
| Tb. separation, mm | 0.570 ± 0.155 | 0.597 ± 0.222 | 4.6 | 0.533 | ||
| Inhomogeneity, mm | 0.253 ± 0.111 | 0.276 ± 0.171 | 9.3 | 0.457 | ||
| Cortical microstructure | ||||||
| Ct. TMD, mgHA/cm3 | 1015 ± 40 | 999 ± 39 | −1.5 | 0.093 | 0.662 | |
| Ct. thickness, mm | 1.17 ± 0.33 | 1.06 ± 0.23 | −9.4 | 0.105 | ||
| Ct. PoV, mm3 | 21.6 ± 42.3 | 20.0 ± 14.1 | −7.3 | 0.836 | ||
| Ct. Po, % | 2.92 ± 3.14 | 3.43 ± 2.15 | 17.7 | 0.416 | ||
| Ct. Po. Dm, mm | 0.19 ± 0.03 | 0.19 ± 0.02 | 0.2 | 0.941 | ||
vBMD: volumetric bone mineral density, Ct.: cortical, Tb.: trabecular, TMD: tissue mineral density, Po: porosity index, PoV: pore volume, Po. Dm: pore diameter, BMI: body-mass index, HT: hypertension, DM: diabetes, ESR: erythrocyte sedimentation rate, CRP: c-reactive protein.