Table 3.

Summary of the variance effects of model factors including withers height relative velocity on peak vertical force and vertical impulse in the thoracic and pelvic limbs of a clinically normal heterogeneous population of client-owned dogs.

Variance factor	Thoracic limb PVF		Thoracic limb VI		Pelvic limb PVF		Pelvic limb VI
	ES	95% CI	ES	95% CI	ES	95% CI	ES	95% CI
Dog	0.5970*	0.5373 – 0.6198	0.2288*	0.1466-0.2527	0.6925*	0.6451-0.7109	0.5419*	0.4759-0.5668
Withers height relative velocity	0.1986*	0.1476 – 0.2503	0.0553*	0.0262-0.0923	0.0679*	0.0354-0.1074	0.2278*	0.1749-0.2801
Trial number	0.1958*	0.1005 – 0.2028	0.0342	0.0-0.0017	0.0425	0.0-0.0148	0.043	0.0-0.0157
Limb	0.0025	0.0 – 0.0159	4.2×10−9	0.0-1.0	0.0003	0.0-0.0085	0.0037	0.0-0.0185

PVF, peak vertical force; VI, vertical impulse; ES, effect size; CI, confidence interval

^*P < 0.05. For limb, variance between left and right limb pairs was considered.