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. 2016 Aug 24;16(1):150. doi: 10.1186/s12883-016-0674-4

Table 1.

Baseline characteristics of study population (N = 376)

Maternal characteristic n (%)
Age
  ≤ 20 years 10 (2.7)
  > 20 to 30 years 181 (48.1)
  > 30 to 40 years 178 (47.3)
  > 40 to 50 years 7 (1.9)
Obstetric history
  ≥ 1 prior pregnancy 221 (58.8)
 1 prior pregnancy resulting in fetal stillbirth (≥ 22 weeks) 2 (0.5)
 1 prior miscarriage 53 (14.1)
 2 prior miscarriages 11 (2.9)
 3 prior miscarriages 4 (1.1)
 4 prior miscarriages 1 (0.3)
  > 4 prior miscarriages 2 (0.5)
  > 4 prior pregnancies resulting in fetal stillbirth (≥ 22 weeks) 1 (0.3)
 1 prior elective/therapeutic abortion 28 (7.4)
 2 prior elective/therapeutic abortions 4 (1.1)
 1 prior ectopic pregnancy 3 (0.8)
Concomitant medications
 Prenatal vitamins 168 (44.7)
 Baclofen 29 (7.7)
 Folic acid 22 (5.9)
 Modafinil 21 (5.6)
 Multivitamins 19 (5.1)
Prior medical history
 Chicken pox 294 (78.2)
 Urinary tract infection 135 (35.9)
 Abnormal Pap test 109 (29.0)
 Gynecological surgery 55 (14.6)
 Breathing disorder 46 (12.2)
 Sexually transmitted disease 39 (10.4)
 Breast cancer 1 (0.3)
 Cervical cancer 1 (0.3)
 Lymphoma 1 (0.3)
 Melanoma 1 (0.3)
Social risk factorsa
 Caffeine use 235 (62.5)
 Alcohol consumption 70 (18.6)
 Tobacco use 59 (15.7)
 Illicit drug use 7 (1.2)

aOf patients who reported caffeine, alcohol, tobacco, or illicit drug use at enrollment, 168 of 235 (71.5 %), 7 of 70 (10.0 %), 25 of 59 (42.4 %), and 1 of 7 (14.3 %), respectively, continued use during pregnancy