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. 2016 Jun 30;5(9):1238–1246. doi: 10.5966/sctm.2015-0347

Figure 2.

Figure 2.

Bone formation and bone resorption parameters. (A–C): Representative calcein-labeling images exhibiting bone formation rates. Mice received double injection of 20 mg/kg calcein at 16 and 2 d before sacrifice. Scale bars: 100 μm. (D–F): Corresponding parameters showing maintenance of bone formation by MSC therapy. (G–I): Representative TRAP-staining images exhibiting bone resorption rates. Red-stained areas with black arrows indicate osteoclasts. The unstained area in the bone marrow represents empty spaces occupied by adipocytes. Scale bars: 50 μm. (J, K): Corresponding parameters showing paralleled bone resorption. Data represent mean ± SEM; n = 4 per group. ∗, p < .05; ∗∗, p < .01; and ∗∗∗, p < .001. Abbreviations: BFR, bone formation rate; BMMSC, bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell; Cont, control; GIOP, glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis; MAR, mineral apposition rate; MS/BS, mineralized surface per bone surface; MSC, mesenchymal stem cell; N.Oc/BS, number of osteoclasts per bone surface; NS, not significant; Oc.S/BS, osteoclast surface over bone surface; PBS, phosphate-buffered saline; TRAP, tartrate resistant acid phosphatase.