Table 1. Baseline characteristics of patients treated with either NOACs or warfarin.
| Total (n = 293) | NOACs (n = 148) | Warfarin (n = 145) | P value | |
| Follow-up duration, months | 12.3 (5.3–23.0) | 10.9 (5.2–21.2) | 12.8 (5.3–24.9) | 0.047 |
| Age, yrs | 83.7 ± 3.4 | 84.2 ± 3.5 | 83.2 ± 3.1 | 0.006 |
| Female | 175 (59.7%) | 89 (60.1%) | 86 (59.3%) | 0.886 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 24.1 ± 3.6 | 24.4 ± 3.6 | 23.7 ± 3.6 | 0.082 |
| Type of arrhythmia | 0.296 | |||
| Paroxysmal atrial fibrillation | 117 (39.9%) | 59 (39.9%) | 58 (30.0%) | |
| Persistent atrial fibrillation | 170 (58.0%) | 84 (56.8%) | 86 (59.3%) | |
| Atrial flutter | 6 (2.0%) | 5 (3.4%) | 1 (0.7%) | |
| Concomitant antiplatelet agent | 29 (9.9%) | 15 (10.1%) | 14 (9.7%) | 0.891 |
| Congestive heart failure | 56 (19.1%) | 27 (18.2%) | 29 (20.0%) | 0.702 |
| Hypertension | 216 (73.7%) | 107 (72.3%) | 109 (75.2%) | 0.576 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 81 (27.6%) | 38 (25.7%) | 43 (49.5%) | 0.446 |
| Previous stroke/SE | 123 (42.0%) | 68 (45.9%) | 55 (37.9%) | 0.165 |
| Previous bleeding | 52 (17.7%) | 41 (27.7%) | 11 (7.6%) | < 0.0001 |
| Previous MI | 16 (5.5%) | 6 (4.1%) | 10 (6.9%) | 0.284 |
| Previous CAD | 61 (20.8%) | 32 (52.5%) | 29 (47.5%) | 0.732 |
| CHA2DS2 VASc score | 4.7 ± 1.4 | 4.7 ± 1.4 | 4.7 ± 1.4 | 0.745 |
| HAS-BLED score | 2.5 ± 0.9 | 2.6 ± 1.0 | 2.4 ± 0.9 | 0.034 |
| Creatinine, mg/dL | 0.9 ± 0.2 | 0.9 ± 0.3 | 0.9 ± 0.2 | 0.239 |
| Creatinine clearance, mL/min | 52.1 ± 15.8 | 51.0 ± 13.9 | 53.1 ± 17.4 | 0.259 |
Values are expressed as the mean ± SD, median (interquartile range), or n (%). CAD: coronary artery disease; CHA2DS2 VASc score: cumulative score of congestive heart failure, hypertension, age (≥ 75 years or ≥ 65 years), diabetes, stroke, vascular disease, and sex (female); eGFR: estimated glomerular filtration rate; HAS-BLED score: cumulative score of hypertension, abnormal renal and liver function, stroke, bleeding, labile INRs, elderly (e.g., age > 65 years), and drugs or alcohol; MI: myocardial infarction; NOACs: non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants; SE: systemic embolism.