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Results showing increased serum levels of serum Myo (a) and CK (b) on postoperative days 1, 2, and 7 after L5 SNL. ∗ P < 0.05 compared with paraspinal muscle removal group. # P < 0.05 compared with the sham operated rats (paraspinal muscle removal group versus sham 1 group, paraspinal muscle retraction group versus sham 2 group). ## P < 0.01 compared with the sham operated rats.
