Table 7.
Histopathology-Histomorphometry for the femur in sham-operated or OVX ddY mice: trabecular bones.
| Items Groups | Left Femur Tissues | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TV/BV | Tbn | Tbl | Tbt | |
| Controls | ||||
| Sham | 37.28 ± 5.04 | 12.63 ± 1.69 | 1029.36 ± 145.55 | 73.44 ± 11.98 |
| OVX | 17.28 ± 2.91 * | 5.13 ± 0.64 * | 478.99 ± 80.94 * | 32.45 ± 7.07 * |
| Estradiol | 29.89 ± 5.24 *,# | 9.88 ± 1.36 *,# | 905.51 ± 146.34 # | 55.34 ± 8.99 *,# |
| RC | 22.89 ± 2.05 *,# | 7.50 ± 0.93 *,# | 592.13 ± 35.08 *,# | 44.03 ± 3.97 *,# |
| PCP | 21.69 ± 1.85 *,# | 7.00 ± 1.20 *,# | 578.99 ± 39.41 *,# | 43.25 ± 2.49 *,# |
| RC:PCP | ||||
| 1:1 | 27.63 ± 2.47 *,#,†,‡ | 10.38 ± 1.30 *,#,†,‡ | 859.44 ± 173.38 *,#,†,‡ | 66.28 ± 14.40 #,†,‡ |
| 1:2 | 22.65 ± 2.58 *,# | 7.50 ± 0.76 *,# | 610.56 ± 60.98 *,# | 46.85 ± 8.26 *,# |
| 1:4 | 22.55 ± 2.72 *,# | 7.38 ± 0.92 *,# | 606.29 ± 36.21 *,# | 46.62 ± 8.71 *,# |
| 1:8 | 21.84 ± 1.57 *,# | 6.88 ± 0.83 *,# | 580.37 ± 66.93 *,# | 43.80 ± 5.38 *,# |
| 2:1 | 31.40 ± 4.14 *,#,†,‡ | 12.25 ± 1.04 *,#,†,‡ | 954.18 ± 140.48 #,†,‡ | 74.33 ± 14.63 #,†,‡ |
| 4:1 | 27.39 ± 3.68 *,#,†,‡ | 10.13 ± 1.89 *,#,†,‡ | 827.11 ± 142.28 *,#,†,‡ | 65.30 ± 11.84 #,†,‡ |
| 8:1 | 22.59 ± 3.67 *,# | 7.50 ± 0.93 *,# | 594.17 ± 49.46 *,# | 44.64 ± 3.53 *,# |
Values are expressed mean ± S.D. of eight mice. * p < 0.05 as compared with sham control; # p < 0.05 as compared with OVX control; † p < 0.01 as compared with RC single formula treated mice; ‡ p < 0.01 as compared with PCP single formula treated mice. OVX = Bilateral ovariectomy; RC = Red clover dry extracts; PCP = Pomegranate Concentrate Powder; RC:PCP = Mixed formulations consisted of RC and PCP (g/g); TV/BV = Trabecular bone volume (%); Tbn = Trabecular bone number (N/epiphyseal); Tbl = Trabecular bone length (Longitudinal thickness; mm); Tbt = Trabecular bone thickness (Cross thickness; μm).