| CAS | Casein protein |
| REE | Resting energy expenditure |
| PLA | Placebo |
| SCAAT | Subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue |
| DXA | Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry |
| VAS | Visual analog scale |
| RER | Respiratory exchange ratio |
| HOMA-IR | Homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance |