Table 3.

DM components affected significantly by HoP (consensus on results).

Components	Effect of HoP	References
Immunoglobulins
IgG4	Reduction (% not reported)	[31]
Enzymes
Lipase	Complete loss	[21,33,37]
Alkaline phosphatase	Complete loss	[21]
Amylase	Reduction (15%)	[37]
Cytokines
IL7	Increase (% not reported)	[31]
MIP-1β	Reduction (% not reported)	[31]
MCAF/MCP-1	Reduction (% not reported)	[39]
Growth Factors
IGF1, IGF2, IGFBP2, IGFBP3	Reduction (% not reported)	[41]
EPO	Reduction (% not reported)	[40]
HB-EGF, HGF	Reduction (% not reported)	[38]
GM-CSF	Increase (% not reported)	[31]
Hormones
Insulin, Adiponectin	Reduction (% not reported)	[17]
Free amino acids
Arginine, leucine	Increase	[43]
Aspartate	Reduction (% not reported)	[43]
Glutamine	Increase (% not reported)	[42]
Vitamins
Ascorbic + Dehydroascorbic	Reduction (12%)	[47]
Ascorbic Acid	Reduction (16.2%–26%)	[46,47]
B6	Reduction (15%)	[44,46]
Oxidative Stress Markers
Glutathione, Glutathione peroxidase activity, Total antioxidant capacity	Reduction (% not reported)	[58]
Lactulose	Increase (% not reported)/(Not detected in all samples)	[31,54]
Nucleotide monophosphate content	Increase (% not reported)	[60]