Table 4.
The anti-cancer stem cell effects of polyphenols.
| Compound | Cancer | Study Type | Dose | Effect | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EGCG | colorectal cancer | in vivo | 100 μM | Inhibiting tumor growth of spheroid-derived cancer stem cell xenografts | [50] |
| breast cancer | in vivo | 16.5 mg/kg | decreasing tumor growth, the expression of VEGF-D and peritumoral lymphatic vessel density | [51] | |
| genistein | gastric cancer | in vivo | 1.5 mg/kg | decreasing tumor weight and size | [131] |
| breast cancer | in vivo | 20–50 mg/kg | targeting breast cancer stem cells to reduce the growth of xenograft tumors and inhibiting the Hedgehog-Gli1 signaling pathway | [138] | |
| resveratrol | breast cancer | in vivo | 100 mg/kg | inhibited the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, tumor growth and cancer stem cells | [174] |
| pterostilbene | breast cancer | in vitro | 25 μM | decreasing cancer stem cells and drug resistance | [183] |