Table 3.
Youth determinants of fruit and vegetable consumption among low-income AA youtha,b
| Youth food behavior determinants | Quartile of fruit (Servings) | Quartile of vegetable (Servings) | Quartile of fiber intake (grams) |
|---|---|---|---|
| OR (95 % CI) | OR (95 % CI) | OR (95 % CI) | |
| Youth food purchasing frequencyc | |||
| Supermarket | 1.08 (0.92; 1.28) | 1.26 1.06; 1.50)** | 1.28 (1.03; 1.58)* |
| Corner Store | 1.04 (0.98; 1.10) | 0.97 (0.92; 1.03) | 1.01 (0.93; 1.08) |
| Convenience Store | 1.03 (0.85; 1.25) | 1.17 (0.95; 1.43) | 1.22 (0.94; 1.59) |
| Fast Food | 1.06 (0.93; 1.22) | 1.11 (0.98; 1.26) | 1.15 (0.95; 1.40) |
| Food Assistanced | |||
| Breakfast at school | 1.95 (0.92; 4.12) | 1.14 (0.55; 2.38) | 2.75 (1.10; 6.90)* |
| Lunch at school | 1.24 (0.53; 2.89) | 0.68 (0.31; 1.48) | 1.33 (0.51; 3.51) |
| Youth Food Preparation Scaleg | 1.16 (0.69; 1.94) | 1.21 (0.73; 1.99) | 1.01 (0.55; 1.83) |
| Household food purchasing frequencye | |||
| Supermarket | 0.99 (0.93; 1.04) | 0.99 (.94; 1.05) | 0.96 (0.91; 1.03) |
| Corner Store | 0.96 (0.92; 1.01) | 0.97 (0.93; 1.02) | 0.99 (0.93; 1.04) |
| Convenience Store | 1.01 (0.95; 1.07) | 1.00 (0.94; 1.05) | 1.01 (0.94; 1.08) |
| Fast Food | 1.00 (0.94; 1.06) | 0.93 (0.88; 0.99)* | 1.05 (0.97; 1.13) |
| Food Assistancef | |||
| WIC | 1.58 (0.88; 2.86) | 0.78 (0.44; 1.40) | 1.04 (0.53; 2.04) |
| SNAP | 0.84 (0.42; 1.65) | 1.50 (0.79; 2.85) | 0.64 (0.29; 1.39) |
| Household Food Preparation Scoreh | 1.09 (0.83; 1.42) | 1.07 (0.83; 1.38) | 0.99 (0.72; 1.36) |
*p-value <0.05; **p-value < 0.01
aOrdered Logit Regression Analysis on fruit, vegetable and dietary fiber
bControlled for youth’s age, sex, BMI (percentile), youth calorie intake, and estimated poverty threshold to income ratio
cTotal frequency of youth’s purchase in the past 7 days (mean; min-max): supermarket (0.9; 0–29); corner store (3.3; 0–38); convenience store (0.61; 0–11); fast-food (1.5; 0–16)
dFree or discounted meal at school: reference (no breakfast at school, or no school meal at school)
eTotal frequency of caregiver’s purchase in the past 30 days (mean; min-max): supermarket (3.8; 0–14); corner store (3.8; 0–29); convenience store (2.05; 0–28); fast-food (3.48; 0–25)
fFood assistance: reference = non-WIC or non-SNAP participants
gYouth Food Preparation Scale range from −1 to 1. (Mean 0.5 (SD 0.64)
hHousehold Food Preparation Scale range from −1 to +2 (Mean −0.05; SD 0.9)