Table 2.
Multivariable logistic regression model: association of demographical and clinical features with late presentation according to observation period
| Total period (n = 17333) | 1985–1991 (n = 4254) | 1992–1997 (n = 4614) | 1998–2003 (n = 3892) | 2004–2009 (n = 3142) | 2010–2013 (n = 1431) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variable | Category | ORs (95 % CI) | P value | ORs (95 % CI) | P value | ORs (95 % CI) | P value | ORs (95 % CI) | P value | ORs (95 % CI) | P value | ORs (95 % CI) | P value |
| Gender | Male vs Female | 1.29 (1.19–1.40) | <0.001 | 1.18 (1.00–1.40) | 0.054 | 1.45 (1.25–1.69) | <0.001 | 1.31 (1.12–1.54) | 0.001 | 1.17 (0.97–1.42) | 0.099 | 1.10 (0.82–1.46) | 0.525 |
| Age at enrollment | <25 | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | ||||||
| 25–34 | 2.44 (2.21–2.70) | <0.001 | 2.55 (2.20–2.97) | <0.001 | 2.99 (2.42–3.69) | <0.001 | 2.52 (1.88–3.39) | <0.001 | 1.48 (1.10–2.00) | 0.009 | 1.58 (1.04–2.40) | 0.032 | |
| 35–44 | 4.11 (3.65–4.61) | <0.001 | 5.33 (4.04–7.02) | <0.001 | 4.84 (3.82–6.14) | <0.001 | 4.44 (3.29–6.01) | <0.001 | 2.49 (1.84–3.35) | <0.001 | 2.65 (1.74–4.03) | <0.001 | |
| 45–54 | 5.79 (4.98–6.74) | <0.001 | 5.04 (2.90–8.73) | <0.001 | 5.20 (3.68–7.35) | <0.001 | 7.70 (5.35–11.08) | <0.001 | 3.57 (2.56–4.99) | <0.001 | 3.75 (2.39–5.90) | <0.001 | |
| ≥55 | 7.45 (6.06–9.16) | <0.001 | 21.65 (6.07–77.22) | <0.001 | 8.06 (5.19–12.53) | <0.001 | 10.08 (6.27–16.19) | <0.001 | 4.19 (2.76–6.36) | <0.001 | 3.98 (2.29–6.94) | <0.001 | |
| Country of Origin | Others vs Italy | 1.54 (1.38–1.73) | <0.001 | 1.91 (1.04–3.49) | 0.036 | 0.94 (0.67–1.33) | 0.742 | 1.53 (1.25–1.88) | <0.001 | 1.48 (1.21–1.81) | <0.001 | 1.52 (1.15–2.03) | 0.004 |
| HIV exposure category | MSM | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref | Ref. | Ref. | ||||||
| IDUs | 1.27 (1.15–1.40) | <0.001 | 0.59 (0.43–0.80) | 0.001 | 1.44 (1.18–1.76) | <0.001 | 1.27 (1.04–1.56) | 0.017 | 1.18 (0.93–1.50) | 0.172 | 2.12 (1.30–3.47) | 0.003 | |
| Heterosexuals | 1.52 (1.37–1.69) | <0.001 | 0.54 (0.37–0.77) | 0.001 | 1.44 (1.15–1.81) | 0.002 | 1.69 (1.39–2.06) | <0.001 | 1.73 (1.43–2.10) | <0.001 | 1.89 (1.42–2.50) | <0.001 | |
| MSM-IDUs | 0.89 (0.59–1.34) | 0.584 | 0.44 (0.21–0.93) | 0.032 | 0.69 (0.34–1.38) | 0.294 | 0.86 (0.32–2.30) | 0.77 | 2.47 (0.61–9.97) | 0.204 | 2.89 (0.25–32.84) | 0.393 | |
| Heterosexuals-IDUs | 1.88 (1.56–2.26) | <0.001 | 1.47 (0.95–2.27) | 0.085 | 2.39 (1.73–3.29) | <0.001 | 1.42 (0.93–2.17) | 0.106 | 0.67 (0.40–1.11) | 0.121 | 1.07 (0.4–2.88) | 0.896 | |
| Haemophilia /Perinatal transmission | 0.84 (0.36–1.09) | 0.574 | 0.26 (0.09–0.76) | 0.014 | 0.55 (0.17–1.72) | 0.302 | 1.73 (0.32–9.40) | 0.528 | 1.43 (0.08–24.65) | 0.808 | 2.01 (0.43–9.38) | 0.373 | |
| Unknown | 1.05 (0.42–1.10) | 0.856 | 0.95 (0.14–6.53) | 0.958 | 1.21 (0.43–3.36) | 0.718 | 1.89 (0.16–22.73) | 0.617 | 1.50 (0.52–4.36) | 0.456 | 0.79 (0.35–1.81) | 0.582 | |
| Others | 1.43 (0.83–1.20) | 0.001 | 0.97 (0.49–1.90) | 0.92 | 1.09 (0.71–1.66) | 0.702 | 1.21 (0.79–1.85) | 0.372 | 2.37 (1.53–3.67) | <0.001 | 1.58 (0.99–2.53) | 0.055 | |
| Period of enrollment | 1985–1991 | Ref. | |||||||||||
| 1992–1997 | 1.56 (1.43–1.71) | <0.001 | |||||||||||
| 1998–2003 | 1.29 (1.16–1.43) | <0.001 | |||||||||||
| 2004–2009 | 1.14 (1.02–1.28) | 0.026 | |||||||||||
| 2010–2013 | 1.17 (1.01–1.35) | 0.032 | |||||||||||
The associations of demographical and clinical features with late presentation were investigated using a logistic regression model, providing estimates of the odds ratios (ORs) as measures of association. Separate analyses have been performed in different time periods. 95 % CI 95 % confidence interval, OR odds ratio. Ref reference category