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. 2016 Sep;358(3):441–449. doi: 10.1124/jpet.116.234591

Fig. 6.

Fig. 6.

Heart failure and chronic AF increase atrial adipocytes. Immunostaining of human left atrial sections with antibodies against Perilipin-1 (A–C) and Pref-1 (E–G) from patients in sinus rhythm without heart failure (A and E), patients in sinus rhythm with end-stage heart failure (B and F), and patients with chronic AF and end-stage heart failure (C and G). Blue arrowheads point out positively stained Pref-1 cells with visible nuclei. Scale bar in the left-hand panel applies to that row. (D and H) Comparison of the differences in positive staining for each marker between groups as an average of at least 24 images from three different hearts/group. HF, heart failure; N-FH, nonfailing heart; SR, sinus rhythm. *P < 0.05 versus SR N-FH; †P < 0.05 versus SR HF; ‡P < 0.05 versus AF HF.