Table 2. Significant fMRI blood-oxygen-level dependent (BOLD) signal decline during crying infant presentations.
(p < 0.05 FWE corrected, clustersize clustersize ≥ 15 voxel). IPC = inferior parietal cortex, hOC = human occipital lobe, Te = auditory cortex, EC = entorhinal cortex, SUB = subicular complex, LB = laterobasal amygdala, area 45 = Broca’s homologue, and area 6 = premotor cortex. Peak MNI-coordinates and T-values are given. Anatomical assignments were performed using a probabilistic anatomical atlas system [41,42]
| MNI-Coordinates (x/y/z) | T-score | Brain region | Probabilistic map | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 45 | -40 | -21 | 11 | Inferior temporal gyrus | No map |
| 60 | -32.5 | 0 | 10.8 | Middle temporal gyrus | No map |
| 65 | -30 | 9 | 10.2 | Inferior parietal cortex | IPC (PF): 40% (assigned) |
| 57.5 | -15 | -6 | 9.9 | Superior temporal gyrus | No map |
| 67.5 | -35 | 18 | 9.6 | Inferior parietal cortex | IPC (PF): 80% (assigned) |
| 35 | -55 | -18 | 9.6 | Fusiform gyrus | No map |
| 47.5 | -20 | -9 | 9.5 | Middle temporal gyrus | No map |
| 40 | -50 | -21 | 9.3 | Right fusiform gyrus | No map |
| 50 | -25 | -3 | 9.2 | Superior temporal gyrus | No map |
| 55 | -67.5 | 0 | 9.2 | Middle temporal gyrus | hOC5 (V5): 30% |
| 52.5 | -75 | 0 | 9.1 | Middle temporal gyrus | hOC5 (V5): 10% |
| 57.5 | -2.5 | -12 | 9 | Superior temporal gyrus | No map |
| 45 | -50 | -24 | 9 | Fusiform gyrus | No map |
| 55 | 12.5 | -15 | 9 | Temporal pole | No map |
| 47.5 | -72.5 | -15 | 8.9 | Inferior occipital gyrus | No map |
| 50 | -30 | 0 | 8.7 | Superior temporal gyrus | No map |
| 45 | -65 | 9 | 8.6 | Middle temporal gyrus | hOC5 (V5): 30% |
| 20 | -2.5 | -24 | 8.5 | Hippocampus | EC: 50% (assigned) |
| 50 | 7.5 | -21 | 8.5 | Temporal pole | No map |
| 40 | -62.5 | -15 | 8.4 | Fusiform gyrus | No map |
| 67.5 | -25 | -3 | 8.4 | Middle temporal gyrus | Te 3: 40% (assigned) |
| 40 | -50 | -15 | 8.4 | Fusiform gyrus | No map |
| 55 | -67.5 | 9 | 8.3 | Middle temporal gyrus | hOC5 (V5): 20% |
| 52.5 | 0 | -18 | 8.2 | Middle temporal gyrus | No map |
| 50 | -57.5 | -18 | 8.1 | Inferior temporal gyrus | No map |
| 65 | -52.5 | 9 | 7.9 | Middle temporal gyrus | IPC (PGp): 10% |
| 50 | -57.5 | 9 | 7.9 | Middle temporal gyrus | IPC (PGp): 10% |
| 30 | 0 | -27 | 7.9 | Amygdala | LB: 70% (assigned) |
| 47.5 | -72.5 | -3 | 7.8 | Inferior temporal gyrus | No map |
| 55 | -27.5 | 9 | 7.8 | Superior temporal gyrus | No map |
| 50 | -40 | 12 | 7.8 | Superior temporal gyrus | No map |
| 52.5 | -70 | -9 | 7.8 | Inferior temporal gyrus | hOC5 (V5): 10% |
| 32.5 | -50 | -12 | 7.8 | Fusiform gyrus | No map |
| 45 | -80 | -9 | 7.5 | Inferior occipital gyrus | hOC4v (V4): 10% |
| 40 | -77.5 | 6 | 7.4 | Middle occipital gyrus | No map |
| 60 | -52.5 | 3 | 7.4 | Middle temporal gyrus | IPC (PGa): 10% |
| 47.5 | -32.5 | 12 | 7.3 | Superior temporal gyrus | IPC (PFcm): 10% |
| 25 | -82.5 | -12 | 7.3 | Fusiform gyrus | hOC3v (V3): 80% (assigned) |
| 50 | 15 | -30 | 7.3 | Medial temporal pole | No map |
| 27.5 | -65 | -12 | 7.2 | Fusiform gyrus | hOC4v (V4): 40% (assigned) |
| 27.5 | -80 | -6 | 7 | Fusiform gyrus | hOC3v (V3v): 40% (assigned) |
| 42.5 | -30 | 15 | 7 | Superior temporal gyrus | OP 1: 40% (assigned) |
| 25 | -45 | -15 | 7 | Fusiform gyrus | No map |
| 50 | -47.5 | 9 | 6.9 | Middle temporal gyrus | IPC (PGa): 10% |
| 40 | -57.5 | 3 | 6.7 | Middle temporal region | No map |
| 45 | 17.5 | -33 | 6.7 | Medial temporal pole | No map |
| 45 | -82.5 | 9 | 6.7 | Right middle occipital gyrus | IPC (PGp): 20% |
| 37.5 | -85 | 18 | 6.5 | Middle occipital gyrus | No map |
| 37.5 | 0 | -21 | 6.4 | Temporal pole region | No map |
| 25 | 10 | -27 | 6.3 | Parahippocampal gyrus | No map |
| 30 | -90 | 27 | 6.3 | Superior occipital gyrus | Area 18: 10% |
| 32.5 | 10 | -33 | 6.2 | Medial temporal pole | No map |
| 37.5 | 7.5 | -27 | 6.1 | Temporal pole | No map |
| 35 | -75 | -15 | 5.8 | Fusiform gyrus | hOC4v (V4): 40% (assigned) |
| 40 | -72.5 | 24 | 5.7 | Middle occipital gyrus | No map |
| 17.5 | -42.5 | -6 | 5.6 | Parahippocampal gyrus | SUB: 20% |
| 27.5 | 2.5 | -36 | 5.3 | Hippocampus | EC: 80% (assigned) |
| -37.5 | -52.5 | -21 | 8.9 | Fusiform gyrus | No map |
| -42.5 | -45 | -21 | 8.6 | Fusiform gyrus | No map |
| -40 | -40 | -24 | 8.4 | Fusiform gyrus | No map |
| -35 | -65 | -18 | 8.4 | Fusiform gyrus | No map |
| -42.5 | -57.5 | -18 | 7.9 | Fusiform gyrus | No map |
| -20 | -57.5 | -12 | 6.9 | Linual gyrus | hOC4v (V4): 20% |
| -42.5 | -80 | -15 | 6.7 | Fusiform gyrus | hOC4v (V4): 30% |
| -45 | -80 | -6 | 6.3 | Inferior occipital gyrus | hOC4v (V4): 10% |
| -25 | -45 | -12 | 6.3 | Fusiform gyrus | No map |
| -27.5 | -50 | -9 | 6 | Fusiform gyrus | No map |
| -20 | -37.5 | -15 | 5.7 | Fusiform gyrus | No map |
| -62.5 | -40 | 6 | 8.6 | Middle temporal gyrus | Te 3: 20% |
| -62.5 | -32.5 | 12 | 8.3 | Superior temporal gyrus | Te 3: 40% (assigned) |
| -57.5 | -30 | 12 | 8.2 | Superior temporal gyrus | OP 1: 40% (assigned) |
| -50 | -77.5 | 9 | 8 | Middle occipital gyrus | IPC (PGp): 20% |
| -50 | -37.5 | 9 | 7.6 | Middle temporal gyrus | No map |
| -60 | -27.5 | 0 | 7.6 | Middle temporal gyrus | No map |
| -57.5 | -15 | -9 | 7.5 | Middle temporal gyrus | Te 3: 10% |
| -47.5 | -35 | 21 | 7.3 | Inferior parietal cortex | IPC (PFcm): 70% (assigned) |
| -52.5 | -37.5 | 3 | 7.3 | Middle temporal gyrus | No map |
| -62.5 | -17.5 | -6 | 7.3 | Middle temporal gyrus | No map |
| -52.5 | 5 | -21 | 7.2 | Middle temporal gyrus | No map |
| -57.5 | -2.5 | -6 | 7.2 | Superior temporal gyrus | No map |
| -57.5 | -12.5 | 3 | 7 | Superior temporal gyrus | Te 1.2: 40% (assigned) |
| -47.5 | -40 | 3 | 7 | Middle temporal gyrus | No map |
| -60 | -7.5 | -6 | 7 | Middle temporal gyrus | Te 3: 10% |
| -55 | -37.5 | 18 | 6.9 | Inferior parietal cortex | IPC (PFcm): 40% (assigned) |
| -55 | -62.5 | 12 | 6.7 | Middle temporal gyrus | IPC (PGa): 10% |
| -47.5 | -55 | 9 | 6.6 | Middle temporal gyrus | No map |
| -50 | 12.5 | -21 | 6.5 | Temporal pole | No map |
| -55 | 7.5 | -6 | 6.5 | Temporal pole | No map |
| -55 | -50 | 9 | 6.4 | Middle temporal gyrus | No map |
| -45 | -50 | 3 | 6.4 | Middle temporal gyrus | No map |
| -52.5 | -60 | 6 | 6.3 | Middle temporal gyrus | No map |
| -50 | -67.5 | 15 | 6.3 | Middle temporal gyrus | IPC (PGp): 30% |
| -57.5 | -40 | 24 | 6 | Inferior parietal cortex | IPC (PF): 50% (assigned) |
| -55 | -47.5 | 0 | 5.8 | Middle temporal gyrus | No map |
| -62.5 | -47.5 | 15 | 5.8 | Superior temporal gyrus | IPC (PFm): 20% |
| -42.5 | -75 | 15 | 5.7 | Middle occipital gyrus | No map |
| -50 | -5 | -15 | 5.5 | Middle temporal gyrus | No map |
| -42.5 | -67.5 | 9 | 5.5 | Middle temporal gyrus | hOC5 (V5): 10% |
| -47.5 | -80 | 21 | 5.3 | Inferior parietal cortex | IPC (PGp): 70% (assigned) |
| 45 | 20 | 21 | 8.3 | Inferior frontal gyrus | Area 45: 10% |
| -12.5 | -75 | -45 | 7.5 | Cerebellum | No map |
| -17.5 | -77.5 | -39 | 7.4 | Cerebellum | No map |
| 55 | 32.5 | 0 | 7.2 | Inferior frontal gyrus | Area 45: 50% (assigned) |
| 50 | 35 | 9 | 6 | Inferior frontal gyrus | Area 45: 40% (assigned) |
| 55 | 27.5 | -6 | 5.4 | Inferior frontal gyrus | Area 45: 50% (assigned) |
| 50 | 5 | 48 | 7 | Precentral gyrus | Area 6: 10% |
| -22.5 | -7.5 | -18 | 6.9 | Amygdala | LB: 90% (assigned) |
| -15 | -7.5 | -27 | 5.6 | Hippocampus | EC: 90% (assigned) |
| 12.5 | -27.5 | -3 | 6.8 | Dorsal midbrain | No map |
| 17.5 | -20 | -12 | 5.9 | Hippocampus | SUB: 10% |