Table 2. The top 20 substances that led to ICU admission for overdose.
| Total (n = 676) | Incidence (%)a | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Substance | n | % | Prolonged ICU stay | Aspiration pneumonitis |
| Total | 676 | 100.0 | 10.2 | 10.7 |
| 1. Flunitrazepam | 178 | 26.3 | 10.1 | 15.7 |
| 2. Etizolam | 121 | 17.9 | 8.3 | 10.7 |
| 3. Brotizolam | 113 | 16.7 | 9.7 | 12.4 |
| 4. Zolpidem | 105 | 15.5 | 8.6 | 11.4 |
| 5. Chlorpromazine-promethazine-phenobarbital | 104 | 15.4 | 20.2 | 28.8 |
| 6. Triazolam | 103 | 15.2 | 10.7 | 13.6 |
| 7. Bromazepam | 91 | 13.5 | 12.1 | 16.5 |
| 8. Alprazolam | 89 | 13.2 | 7.9 | 10.1 |
| 9. Valproate | 82 | 12.1 | 7.3 | 8.5 |
| 10. Nitrazepam | 71 | 10.5 | 9.9 | 16.9 |
| 11. Levomepromazine | 63 | 9.3 | 4.8 | 15.9 |
| 12. Acetaminophen | 61 | 9.0 | 11.5 | 0.0 |
| 13. Paroxetine | 59 | 8.7 | 13.6 | 15.3 |
| 14. Fluvoxamine | 58 | 8.6 | 12.1 | 17.2 |
| 15. Lorazepam | 48 | 7.1 | 8.3 | 16.7 |
| 16. Risperidone | 48 | 7.1 | 4.2 | 4.2 |
| 17. Diazepam | 43 | 6.4 | 7.0 | 11.6 |
| 18. Estazolam | 43 | 6.4 | 14.0 | 18.6 |
| 19. Chlorpromazine | 41 | 6.1 | 14.6 | 17.1 |
| 20. Clonazepam | 41 | 6.1 | 7.3 | 7.3 |
a The denominator was the number of patients who ingested a substance and the numerator was the number of incident cases among the patients.
ICU = intensive care unit