Figure 1.

Study 1: Distribution of infant interpersonal force situations. Bars show percent of total number of situations involving unprovoked, provoked, and non-purposeful harm in which infants showed distress (dark gray) or no distress (light gray). For instance, the leftmost bar indicates that 73% of situations were unprovoked with no distress and 3% of situations were unprovoked with distress. Hence, that 3%/(3% + 73%) = 4% of unprovoked situations contained distress.