Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of the study population according to different obesity phenotypes
| Variables | MHNO | MHO | MUNO | MUO | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n (%) | 6620 (59.4) | 184 (1.7) | 3666 (32.8) | 680 (6.1) | |
| Age (year) | 52.9 ± 10.7 | 49.7 ± 9.6 | 55.9 ± 10.2 | 52.9 ± 9.9 | <0.001 |
| Race | 0.002 | ||||
| Han | 6264 (94.6) | 172 (93.5) | 3517 (96.0) | 632 (92.9) | |
| Othera | 356 (5.4) | 12 (6.5) | 149 (4.0) | 48 (7.1) | |
| Current smoking status | 2584 (39.0) | 33 (17.9) | 1123 (30.6) | 178 (26.2) | <0.001 |
| Current drinking status | 1696 (25.6) | 32 (17.4) | 640 (17.5) | 128 (18.8) | <0.001 |
| Sleep duration (h/d) | 7.3 ± 1.7 | 7.6 ± 1.5 | 7.2 ± 1.8 | 7.3 ± 1.6 | 0.004 |
| TC (mmol/L) | 5.1 ± 1.0 | 5.2 ± 0.9 | 5.5 ± 1.2 | 5.5 ± 1.3 | <0.001 |
| TGs (mmol/L) | 1.2 ± 0.8 | 1.2 ± 0.6 | 2.4 ± 1.9 | 2.5 ± 2.2 | <0.001 |
| HDL-C (mmol/L) | 1.5 ± 0.4 | 1.4 ± 0.3 | 1.2 ± 0.3 | 1.2 ± 0.3 | <0.001 |
| LDL-C (mmol/L) | 2.8 ± 0.8 | 3.1 ± 0.8 | 3.1 ± 0.9 | 3.3 ± 0.9 | <0.001 |
| FPG (mmol/L) | 5.5 ± 1.1 | 5.3 ± 0.6 | 6.5 ± 2.1 | 6.5 ± 2.0 | <0.001 |
| SBP (mmHg) | 135.8 ± 22.1 | 138.7 ± 21.7 | 150.1 ± 22.5 | 153.9 ± 22.8 | <0.001 |
| DBP (mmHg) | 79.3 ± 11.1 | 81.8 ± 11.3 | 85.7 ± 11.5 | 88.8 ± 11.7 | <0.001 |
| Mean height | 161.1 ± 8.0 | 157.7 ± 10.7 | 159.8 ± 8.3 | 160.4 ± 8.4 | <0.001 |
| Mean weight | 60.4 ± 9.4 | 81.6 ± 10.2 | 66.1 ± 9.8 | 83.2 ± 10.2 | <0.001 |
| WC (cm) | 78.0 ± 7.9 | 95.4 ± 9.2 | 86.6 ± 7.3 | 99.0 ± 7.9 | <0.001 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 23.2 ± 2.7 | 33.0 ± 4.5 | 25.8 ± 2.5 | 32.2 ± 2.2 | <0.001 |
| Diet score | 2.4 ± 1.1 | 2.3 ± 1.0 | 2.2 ± 1.1 | 2.3 ± 1.2 | <0.001 |
| Salt intake | 6.4 ± 3.8 | 6.1 ± 3.6 | 6.5 ± 3.8 | 6.4 ± 3.9 | 0.099 |
| Educational level (%) | <0.001 | ||||
| Primary school or below | 3080 (46.5) | 80 (43.5) | 2086 (56.9) | 329 (48.4) | |
| Middle school | 2919 (44.1) | 86 (46.7) | 1267 (34.6) | 278 (40.9) | |
| High school or above | 621 (9.4) | 18 (9.8) | 313 (8.5) | 73 (10.7) | |
| Physical activity (%) | <0.001 | ||||
| Light | 1737 (26.2) | 40 (21.7) | 1296 (35.4) | 224 (32.9) | |
| Moderate | 4533 (68.5) | 136 (73.9) | 2130 (58.1) | 414 (60.9) | |
| Severe | 350 (5.3) | 8 (4.3) | 240 (6.5) | 42 (6.2) | |
| Annual income (CNY/year) | 0.045 | ||||
| ≤5000 | 809 (12.2) | 23 (12.5) | 499 (13.6) | 61 (9.0) | |
| 5000–20,000 | 3629 (54.8) | 100 (54.3) | 1959 (53.4) | 391 (57.5) | |
| >20,000 | 2182 (33.0) | 61 (33.2) | 1208 (33.0) | 228 (33.5) |
Data are expressed as the mean ± SD or as n (%)
CNY China Yuan (1CNY = 0.157 USD), BMI body mass index, WC waist circumference, SBP systolic blood pressure, DBP diastolic blood pressure, FPG fasting plasma glucose, TC total cholesterol, TGs triglycerides, LDL-C low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, HDL-C high-density lipoprotein cholesterol