Table 4. Activities during transport by physician-staffed HEMS.

ATLS principles	Procedures	N = 100
Airway maintenance with cervical spine protection	Endotracheal intubation	3
	Cervical spine immobilization	56
Breathing and ventilation	Ambu bag	8
	Mechanical ventilation	15
	Oxygen supply via nasal tube or mask	77
Circulation with hemorrhage control	Large-caliber IV catheters and fluid resuscitation	100
	CVC insertion	12
	Transfusion	25
	External hemorrhage control	55

HEMS, helicopter emergency medical services; ATLS, advanced trauma life support; IV, intravenous; CVC, central venous catheter.