Table 11. Changes in staging following robotic-assisted thoracoscopic lobectomy with or without induction chemotherapy +/− radiation therapy.

Change in stage*	Total (n=52)	Induction chemotherapy (n=7)	Induction chemoradiation (n=6)	No induction (n=39)	P value
Same	27 (51.9)	4 (57.1)	5 (83.3)	18 (46.2)	0.23
Upstaged	6 (11.5)	0 (0)	0 (0)	6 (15.4)	0.32
cN1 to pN2	4 (7.7)	0 (0)	0 (0)	4 (10.3)	0.49
Changes in T	2 (3.8)	0 (0)	0 (0)	2 (5.1)	0.71
Downstaged	19 (36.5)	3 (42.9)	1 (16.7)	15 (38.5)	0.55
cN1 to pN0	7 (13.5)	1 (14.3)	0 (0)	6 (15.4)	0.55
cN2 to pN0	8 (15.4)	0 (0)	1 (16.7)	7 (17.9)	0.59
cN2 to pN1	3 (5.8)	1 (14.3)	0 (0)	2 (5.1)	0.51
cM1 to pM0	1 (1.9)	1 (14.3)	0 (0)	0 (0)	0.04

*, n (%).