Table 7.
Biological activities of Spongia sp. Metabolites.
| Activity | Sesquiterpene Quinones | Diterpenes | C21 and Other Furano Terpenes | Sesterterpenes | Sterols | Macrolides | Miscellaneous Compounds |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Artemia Salina |
53,54,63,74,75 [32] 41 [33] |
139,140 [58] 121,144,145,146 [61] 162 [32] |
165,169,172 [58] | ||||
| Anticancer (cytotoxicity and/or antiproliferative) |
6 [11] 8 [15,22] 12,13 [16] 14,15 [17] 21,22 [18] |
53,54,55 [27] 61 [29] 86 [36] 106 [41] 40,100 [48] |
156,157,158 [65] 296 [121] |
180,181,182,183 [73] 189,190 [67] 165,166,191,192,193,194 [77] |
259,260 [67] |
261,262 [93] 263 [94,95] 267 [82] 297 [121] |
271 [108] 283,284,285,286,287,288 [115] |
| Anticancer (other actions) |
8 [15] 14,15,16,17,18,19 [20] |
111 [43] |
180,181,182, 183,184 [73] 165,192,194 [77] |
263 [103] | |||
| Chemopreventive | 103,104 [40] | ||||||
| DNA repair | 8 [15] | ||||||
| Embryo development | 89,90,91,99,100,101,102 [39] | 291 [39] | |||||
| Immunomodulatory | 90,94 [37] | ||||||
| Immunosuppression | 209,210,211 [81] | ||||||
| P-glycoprotein modulation |
247 [87] 247,248,249,250,251,252,253 [88] |
||||||
| HSV1 or HSV2 |
53,54,55 [27] 43 [48] |
||||||
| HIV | 270 [107] | ||||||
| Microorganisms |
1,2 [9] 3,4,5 [10] |
48,49 [26] |
147 [62] 148 [63] 126 [66] |
271 [108] 275 [110] 283,284,285,286,287,288 [115] |
|||
| Antihelminthic | 298 [122] | ||||||
| Predation/Defense |
139 [58] 143 [60] |
169,172 [58] | |||||
| Biofilm induction of E. coli PHL628 | 123,124 [66] | ||||||
| Hypercholesterolemia |
165,198,199,200,201 [79] 166,192,194,202,204 [80] |
||||||
| Lipid metabolism |
283,286 [115] 283 [116] |
||||||
| Antiinflamatory | 205,206 [42] | ||||||
| Antioxidant | 39 [21] | ||||||
| Hemolytic activity | 6 [11] | ||||||
| Smooth muscle paralyzing agent | 147 [62] | ||||||
| Neurotransmission | 43,95,96,97,98 [38] | ||||||
| Neurotrophic | 166,192,194,196,197 [78] |